महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-105, verse-4

अर्थेषु भागी पुरुष ईहमानः पुनः पुनः ।
अलब्ध्वा मद्विधो राज्यं ब्रह्मन्किं कर्तुमर्हति ॥४॥

4. artheṣu bhāgī puruṣa īhamānaḥ punaḥ punaḥ ,
alabdhvā madvidho rājyaṁ brahmankiṁ kartumarhati.

4. artheṣu bhāgī puruṣaḥ īhamānaḥ punaḥ punaḥ alabdhvā
madvidhaḥ rājyam brahman kim kartum arhati

4. brahman madvidhaḥ puruṣaḥ artheṣu punaḥ punaḥ
īhamānaḥ rājyam alabdhvā kim kartum arhati

4. O Brahmin, what can a person like me do who, despite striving repeatedly for resources, has failed to obtain a kingdom?

Words meanings summery:

• अर्थेषु (artheṣu) - in matters of wealth, in purposes, in affairs

• भागी (bhāgī) - sharing, having a share, participating

• पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - a person, man, the supreme cosmic person (puruṣa)

• ईहमानः (īhamānaḥ) - striving, endeavoring

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

• अलब्द्व्हा (alabdvhā) - not having obtained, without getting

• मद्विधः (madvidhaḥ) - one like me, of my kind

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, sovereignty, rule

• ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brahmin

• किम् (kim) - what, how

• कर्तुम् (kartum) - to do, to make

• अर्हति (arhati) - is able, is fit, deserves

Words meanings and morphology

अर्थेषु (artheṣu) - in matters of wealth, in purposes, in affairs

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of artha

artha - meaning, purpose, wealth, object

भागी (bhāgī) - sharing, having a share, participating

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhāgin

bhāgin - sharing, possessing a share, participant

derived from bhāga (share) + -in suffix

Root: bhaj

पुरुषः (puruṣaḥ) - a person, man, the supreme cosmic person (puruṣa)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, human being, person, male, spirit

Note: Subject of arhati.

ईहमानः (īhamānaḥ) - striving, endeavoring

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of īhamāna

īhamāna - striving, endeavoring, exerting oneself

Present middle participle

īh (root) + māna (middle participle suffix)

Root: īh (class 1)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

(indeclinable)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

(indeclinable)

अलब्द्व्हा (alabdvhā) - not having obtained, without getting

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund) with negative prefix

a (negative) + labh (root) + tvā (absolutive suffix)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+labdhvā)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• labdhvā – having obtained
  indeclinable
  Absolutive (gerund)
  labh (root) + tvā (absolutive suffix)
  Root: labh (class 1)

मद्विधः (madvidhaḥ) - one like me, of my kind

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of madvidha

madvidha - like me, of my kind

mad (form of asmad) + vidha (kind, sort)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mad+vidha)

• mad – my, of me
  pronoun
  ablative/genitive form of asmad (I/me) used in compound
• vidha – kind, sort, manner
  noun (masculine)

राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, sovereignty, rule

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, realm, sovereignty

Root: rāj

ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brahmin

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - a Brahmin, priest

किम् (kim) - what, how

(indeclinable)

Interrogative pronoun/adverb

कर्तुम् (kartum) - to do, to make

(verb)

active, infinitive (tumun) of kṛ

Infinitive

Infinitive suffix tum

Root: kṛ (class 8)

अर्हति (arhati) - is able, is fit, deserves

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of arh

Present active

3rd person singular Present active

Root: arh (class 1)