महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-105, verse-27

मुनिरुवाच ।
अनागतमतीतं च यथा तथ्यविनिश्चयात् ।
नानुशोचसि कौसल्य सर्वार्थेषु तथा भव ॥२७॥

27. muniruvāca ,
anāgatamatītaṁ ca yathā tathyaviniścayāt ,
nānuśocasi kausalya sarvārtheṣu tathā bhava.

27. muniḥ uvāca anāgatam atītam ca yathā tathya-viniścayāt
na anuśocasi kausalya sarva-artheṣu tathā bhava

27. muniḥ uvāca kausalya,
yathā tathya-viniścayāt anāgatam atītam ca na anuśocasi,
tathā sarva-artheṣu bhava

27. The sage said, "O son of Kausalya, just as you do not grieve over the future which has not come and the past which has gone, because of a firm ascertainment of reality, so too be (calm) in all affairs."

Words meanings summery:

• मुनिः (muniḥ) - The sage (sage, ascetic, silent one)

• उवाच (uvāca) - (He) said (said, spoke)

• अनागतम् (anāgatam) - the unarrived future (the not-come, the future, unarrived)

• अतीतम् (atītam) - the past, elapsed (the past, gone by)

• च (ca) - and

• यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, in which way)

• तथ्य-विनिश्चयात् (tathya-viniścayāt) - from a firm ascertainment of reality (from a firm ascertainment of truth/reality)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अनुशोचसि (anuśocasi) - you grieve (for) (you grieve, you lament)

• कौसल्य (kausalya) - O son of Kausalya (addressing Rama) (O son of Kausalya)

• सर्व-अर्थेषु (sarva-artheṣu) - in all matters/affairs (in all matters, in all things, in all objects)

• तथा (tathā) - likewise, so too (so, likewise, in that way)

• भव (bhava) - be (calm, unperturbed) (be, become)

Words meanings and morphology

मुनिः (muniḥ) - The sage (sage, ascetic, silent one)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, silent one

Masculine nominative singular.

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'uvāca'.

उवाच (uvāca) - (He) said (said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

perfect active

3rd person singular perfect active

Root: vac (class 2)

अनागतम् (anāgatam) - the unarrived future (the not-come, the future, unarrived)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of anāgata

anāgata - not come, not arrived, future

Neuter nominative/accusative singular. Compound: an-āgata.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (na+āgata)

• na – not, no
  indeclinable
  Negative particle.
• āgata – come, arrived
  adjective (neuter)
  past passive participle
  Past passive participle of ā + gam.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Refers to the future time.

अतीतम् (atītam) - the past, elapsed (the past, gone by)

(adjective)

neuter, singular of atīta

atīta - passed, gone, past, elapsed

past passive participle

Neuter nominative/accusative singular. Past passive participle of ati-i (to pass over).

Prefix: ati

Root: i (class 2)

Note: Refers to past time.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

Note: Connects 'anāgatam' and 'atītam'.

यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, in which way)

(indeclinable)

तथ्य-विनिश्चयात् (tathya-viniścayāt) - from a firm ascertainment of reality (from a firm ascertainment of truth/reality)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of tathya-viniścaya

tathya-viniścaya - firm ascertainment of truth

Masculine ablative singular. Compound of tathya (truth, reality) and viniścaya (firm determination, ascertainment).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tathya+viniścaya)

• tathya – truth, reality, true, real
  noun (neuter)
  From tad (that) + ya suffix.
• viniścaya – firm determination, ascertainment, certainty
  noun (masculine)
  From vi-ni-ści (to determine, ascertain).
  Prefixes: vi+ni
  Root: ci (class 5)

Note: Expresses reason or cause.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Negative particle.

Note: Negates 'anuśocasi'.

अनुशोचसि (anuśocasi) - you grieve (for) (you grieve, you lament)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of śuc

present active

2nd person singular present active.

Prefix: anu

Root: śuc (class 1)

कौसल्य (kausalya) - O son of Kausalya (addressing Rama) (O son of Kausalya)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of kausalya

kausalya - son of Kausalya

Masculine vocative singular. Formed from Kausalyā (mother of Rama) with a patronymic suffix.

Note: Addressing Rama.

सर्व-अर्थेषु (sarva-artheṣu) - in all matters/affairs (in all matters, in all things, in all objects)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of sarva-artha

sarva-artha - all objects, all things, all affairs

Masculine locative plural. Compound of sarva (all) and artha (object, purpose, thing, matter).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sarva+artha)

• sarva – all, every, whole
  adjective (masculine)
• artha – object, purpose, meaning, thing, matter
  noun (masculine)
  From root ṛ (to go, move, attain).
  Root: ṛ (class 3)

Note: Refers to all aspects of life.

तथा (tathā) - likewise, so too (so, likewise, in that way)

(indeclinable)

Adverb of manner, often used correlatively with yathā.

भव (bhava) - be (calm, unperturbed) (be, become)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of bhū

imperative active

2nd person singular imperative active.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Command or exhortation.