महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-105, verse-35

बहु संकसुकं दृष्ट्वा विवित्सासाधनेन च ।
तथान्ये संत्यजन्त्येनं मत्वा परमदुर्लभम् ॥३५॥

35. bahu saṁkasukaṁ dṛṣṭvā vivitsāsādhanena ca ,
tathānye saṁtyajantyenaṁ matvā paramadurlabham.

35. bahu saṃkasukam dṛṣṭvā vivitsāsādhanena ca tathā
anye saṃtyajanti enam matvā paramadurlabham

35. bahu saṃkasukam dṛṣṭvā ca vivitsāsādhanena tathā anye enam saṃtyajanti paramadurlabham matvā.

35. Having perceived much (worldly life) as troublesome, and through the means of seeking true knowledge, others likewise completely abandon it (the troublesome aspects of worldly existence), recognizing liberation (mokṣa) to be extremely difficult to attain.

Words meanings summery:

• बहु (bahu) - much, many, abundant

• संकसुकम् (saṁkasukam) - troublesome, difficult, full of obstacles

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having perceived

• विवित्सासाधनेन (vivitsāsādhanena) - by means of the pursuit of knowledge/liberation

• च (ca) - and, also

• तथा (tathā) - thus, in that manner, similarly

• अन्ये (anye) - others

• संत्यजन्ति (saṁtyajanti) - abandon completely, renounce completely

• एनम् (enam) - this (referring to the troublesome worldly aspects) (this, him)

• मत्वा (matvā) - having considered, having thought, having believed

• परमदुर्लभम् (paramadurlabham) - supremely difficult to attain (referring to liberation/mokṣa) (extremely difficult to attain, supremely rare)

Words meanings and morphology

बहु (bahu) - much, many, abundant

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bahu

bahu - much, many, numerous, abundant

Neuter accusative singular (modifying saṃkasukam).

संकसुकम् (saṁkasukam) - troublesome, difficult, full of obstacles

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of saṃkasuka

saṁkasuka - troublesome, difficult, full of obstacles, vexatious

Neuter accusative singular. Derived from `sam-kas` (to trouble, torment) + `-uka` suffix.

Prefix: sam

Root: kas (class 1)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having perceived

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root `dṛś` (class 1), forming an absolutive.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

विवित्सासाधनेन (vivitsāsādhanena) - by means of the pursuit of knowledge/liberation

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of vivitsāsādhana

vivitsāsādhana - means of seeking to know, instrument for the pursuit of knowledge

Instrumental singular of `vivitsāsādhana` (compound). `vivitsā` (desire to know) + `sādhana` (means/instrument).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (vivitsā+sādhana)

• vivitsā – desire to know, intellectual curiosity, search for knowledge
  noun (feminine)
  Desiderative noun
  From desiderative stem of `vid` (to know).
  Root: vid (class 2)
• sādhana – means, instrument, accomplishing, fulfilling
  noun (neuter)
  From root `sādh` (to accomplish).
  Root: sādh (class 5)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

तथा (tathā) - thus, in that manner, similarly

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

अन्ये (anye) - others

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another, different

Masculine nominative plural of `anya`.

संत्यजन्ति (saṁtyajanti) - abandon completely, renounce completely

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of tyaj

Present Tense, Active Voice, 3rd Person Plural

From root `tyaj` (class 1) with prefix `sam`. Present active 3rd plural.

Prefix: sam

Root: tyaj (class 1)

एनम् (enam) - this (referring to the troublesome worldly aspects) (this, him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, that

Masculine accusative singular of `ena`.

Note: Refers to the 'much troublesome' (bahu saṃkasukam) or worldly attachments.

मत्वा (matvā) - having considered, having thought, having believed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root `man` (class 4), forming an absolutive.

Root: man (class 4)

परमदुर्लभम् (paramadurlabham) - supremely difficult to attain (referring to liberation/mokṣa) (extremely difficult to attain, supremely rare)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of paramadurlabha

paramadurlabha - extremely difficult to attain, supremely rare, most difficult to find

Neuter accusative singular. `parama` (supreme) + `durlabha` (difficult to obtain).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (parama+durlabha)

• parama – supreme, highest, utmost, excellent
  adjective
• durlabha – difficult to obtain, rare, hard to find
  adjective
  From `dur` (bad/difficult) + `labh` (to obtain).
  Prefix: dur
  Root: labh (class 1)