महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-155, verse-9

बुद्ध्वा तयोर्बलं बुद्धिं कनीयांसमुपह्वरे ।
प्रपेदे छन्दयन्कामैरुपयाजं धृतव्रतम् ॥९॥

9. buddhvā tayorbalaṁ buddhiṁ kanīyāṁsamupahvare ,
prapede chandayankāmairupayājaṁ dhṛtavratam.

9. buddhvā tayoḥ balam buddhim kanīyāṃsam upahvare
prapede chandayan kāmaiḥ upayājam dhṛtavratam

9. Having assessed their strength and intellect, he privately approached Upayāja, who was steadfast in his vows, gratifying him with gifts.

Words meanings summery:

• बुद्ध्वा (buddhvā) - having known, having understood

• तयोः (tayoḥ) - of those two, their

• बलम् (balam) - strength, power

• बुद्धिम् (buddhim) - intellect, wisdom, understanding

• कनीयांसम् (kanīyāṁsam) - younger, junior

• उपह्वरे (upahvare) - in seclusion, in a private place

• प्रपेदे (prapede) - he approached, he went to

• छन्दयन् (chandayan) - pleasing, gratifying

• कामैः (kāmaiḥ) - with gifts or desired objects to please him (with desires, with wishes, with objects of desire, with gifts)

• उपयाजम् (upayājam) - Upayāja (name)

• धृतव्रतम् (dhṛtavratam) - steadfast in vows, one who has undertaken a vow

Words meanings and morphology

बुद्ध्वा (buddhvā) - having known, having understood

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from the root budh with the suffix -tvā

Root: budh (class 1)

तयोः (tayoḥ) - of those two, their

(pronoun)

masculine/neuter, dual of tad

tad - that, those

बलम् (balam) - strength, power

(noun)

neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, force

बुद्धिम् (buddhim) - intellect, wisdom, understanding

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of buddhi

buddhi - intellect, wisdom, understanding, perception

Root: budh (class 1)

कनीयांसम् (kanīyāṁsam) - younger, junior

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kanīyas

kanīyas - younger, junior, inferior

Comparative degree of 'yuvan' (young)

उपह्वरे (upahvare) - in seclusion, in a private place

(noun)

Locative, masculine/neuter, singular of upahvara

upahvara - seclusion, secret place, private audience

Prefix: upa

Root: hvṛ

प्रपेदे (prapede) - he approached, he went to

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (liṭ) of prapede

Perfect, Middle Voice

3rd Person Singular Perfect Middle of √pad with upasarga pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: pad (class 4)

छन्दयन् (chandayan) - pleasing, gratifying

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of chandayat

chandayat - pleasing, gratifying, delighting

Present Active Participle

Derived from the causative root chandaya (from √chand/√chad) with the suffix -at

Root: chad (class 10)

कामैः (kāmaiḥ) - with gifts or desired objects to please him (with desires, with wishes, with objects of desire, with gifts)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kāma

kāma - desire, wish, longing, love, object of desire, pleasure

Root: kam

उपयाजम् (upayājam) - Upayāja (name)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of upayāja

upayāja - Upayāja (proper name)

धृतव्रतम् (dhṛtavratam) - steadfast in vows, one who has undertaken a vow

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhṛtavrata

dhṛtavrata - one who has undertaken a vow, firm in his vow, steadfast in vows

Compound of dhṛta (held, undertaken) and vrata (vow)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dhṛta+vrata)

• dhṛta – held, borne, worn, observed, undertaken
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root dhṛ
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• vrata – vow, sacred observance, religious practice, devotion
  noun (neuter)