महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-155, verse-7

याजोपयाजौ ब्रह्मर्षी शाम्यन्तौ पृषतात्मजः ।
संहिताध्ययने युक्तौ गोत्रतश्चापि काश्यपौ ॥७॥

7. yājopayājau brahmarṣī śāmyantau pṛṣatātmajaḥ ,
saṁhitādhyayane yuktau gotrataścāpi kāśyapau.

7. yājopayājau brahmarṣī śāmyantau pṛṣatātmajaḥ |
saṃhitādhyayane yuktau gotrataḥ ca api kāśyapau

7. The son of Pṛṣata (Drupada) saw Yāja and Upayāja, two Brahmarṣis, who were calm, engaged in the study of the saṃhitā (Vedic texts), and also belonged to the Kāśyapa gotra (lineage).

Words meanings summery:

• याजोपयाजौ (yājopayājau) - Yaja and Upayaja (names of two sages)

• ब्रह्मर्षी (brahmarṣī) - two brahmarshis (sages of priestly origin)

• शाम्यन्तौ (śāmyantau) - two becoming calm, two pacified, two tranquil

• पृषतात्मजः (pṛṣatātmajaḥ) - King Drupada (son of Pṛṣata)

• संहिताध्ययने (saṁhitādhyayane) - in the study of Samhita (Vedic texts)

• युक्तौ (yuktau) - two engaged, two devoted, two joined

• गोत्रतः (gotrataḥ) - by lineage, by family, by clan

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - also, even

• काश्यपौ (kāśyapau) - two belonging to the Kashyapa lineage

Words meanings and morphology

याजोपयाजौ (yājopayājau) - Yaja and Upayaja (names of two sages)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of yājopayāja

yājopayāja - Yaja and Upayaja (twin sages who performed the yajña for Drupada to obtain a son)

Compound type : dvandva (yāja+upayāja)

• yāja – name of a sage, sacrificer
  proper noun (masculine)
• upayāja – name of a sage (brother of Yaja)
  proper noun (masculine)

ब्रह्मर्षी (brahmarṣī) - two brahmarshis (sages of priestly origin)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of brahmarṣi

brahmarṣi - a brahmin sage, a sage of the brahmin class, one of the highest classes of sages

Compound type : karmadhāraya (brahman+ṛṣi)

• brahman – brahmin, the priestly class
  noun (masculine)
• ṛṣi – sage, seer, inspired poet
  noun (masculine)

शाम्यन्तौ (śāmyantau) - two becoming calm, two pacified, two tranquil

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, dual of śāmyat

śāmyat - becoming calm, tranquil, pacified, quiet

Present Active Participle

Derived from root śam (to be calm, to be quiet) with suffix śatṛ

Root: śam (class 4)

Note: Modifies Yāja and Upayāja

पृषतात्मजः (pṛṣatātmajaḥ) - King Drupada (son of Pṛṣata)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pṛṣatātmaja

pṛṣatātmaja - son of Pṛṣata (King Drupada)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pṛṣata+ātmaja)

• pṛṣata – Pṛṣata (name of a king, Drupada's father)
  proper noun (masculine)
• ātmaja – born from oneself, son
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from ātman and ja (born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

संहिताध्ययने (saṁhitādhyayane) - in the study of Samhita (Vedic texts)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of saṃhitādhyayana

saṁhitādhyayana - study of the Samhita (Vedic texts), study of conjoint words

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (saṃhitā+adhyayana)

• saṃhitā – collection of hymns or texts, especially the Vedic Samhitas
  noun (feminine)
  Prefixes: sam+hi
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• adhyayana – study, reading, learning
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root i (to go) with upasargas adhi
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: i (class 2)

युक्तौ (yuktau) - two engaged, two devoted, two joined

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, dual of yukta

yukta - joined, united, yoked, engaged, devoted, fit, proper, self-controlled

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root yuj (to join, to unite)

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Modifies Yāja and Upayāja

गोत्रतः (gotrataḥ) - by lineage, by family, by clan

(indeclinable)

Derived from gotra with suffix -tas

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

काश्यपौ (kāśyapau) - two belonging to the Kashyapa lineage

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, dual of kāśyapa

kāśyapa - descendant of Kaśyapa, belonging to the Kaśyapa gotra

Patronymic from Kaśyapa

Note: Modifies Yāja and Upayāja