महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-155, verse-18

संहिताध्ययनं कुर्वन्वसन्गुरुकुले च यः ।
भैक्षमुच्छिष्टमन्येषां भुङ्क्ते चापि सदा सदा ।
कीर्तयन्गुणमन्नानामघृणी च पुनः पुनः ॥१८॥

18. saṁhitādhyayanaṁ kurvanvasangurukule ca yaḥ ,
bhaikṣamucchiṣṭamanyeṣāṁ bhuṅkte cāpi sadā sadā ,
kīrtayanguṇamannānāmaghṛṇī ca punaḥ punaḥ.

18. saṃhitādhyayanam kurvan vasan gurukule
ca yaḥ bhaikṣam ucchiṣṭam anyeṣām
bhuṅkte ca api sadā sadā kīrtayan
guṇam annānām aghṛṇī ca punaḥ punaḥ

18. And he who, while diligently studying the sacred texts (saṃhitādhyayana) and residing in the guru's household (gurukula), constantly consumes the remnants of others' alms, and, being devoid of compassion, repeatedly praises the virtues of various foods.

Words meanings summery:

• संहिताध्ययनम् (saṁhitādhyayanam) - the study of sacred texts/Veda

• कुर्वन् (kurvan) - doing, performing, making

• वसन् (vasan) - living, residing

• गुरुकुले (gurukule) - in the guru's household/school

• च (ca) - and

• यः (yaḥ) - who

• भैक्षम् (bhaikṣam) - alms, begged food

• उच्छिष्टम् (ucchiṣṭam) - leftovers, remnants, impure food

• अन्येषाम् (anyeṣām) - of others

• भुङ्क्ते (bhuṅkte) - eats, consumes, enjoys

• च (ca) - and

• अपि (api) - also, even

• सदा (sadā) - always, ever

• सदा (sadā) - always, ever

• कीर्तयन् (kīrtayan) - praising, proclaiming, reciting

• गुणम् (guṇam) - quality, virtue, merit

• अन्नानाम् (annānām) - of foods

• अघृणी (aghṛṇī) - without compassion, unfeeling, pitiless

• च (ca) - and

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

Words meanings and morphology

संहिताध्ययनम् (saṁhitādhyayanam) - the study of sacred texts/Veda

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of saṃhitādhyayana

saṁhitādhyayana - study of the Saṃhitās (Vedic texts), study of sacred collections

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (saṃhitā+adhyayana)

• saṃhitā – collected (text), sacred text, Veda
  noun (feminine)
• adhyayana – study, learning, reading
  noun (neuter)

कुर्वन् (kurvan) - doing, performing, making

(verbal derivative)

वसन् (vasan) - living, residing

(verbal derivative)

गुरुकुले (gurukule) - in the guru's household/school

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of gurukula

gurukula - guru's family, guru's residence, Vedic school (gurukula)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (guru+kula)

• guru – teacher, preceptor (guru), heavy, important
  noun (masculine)
• kula – family, household, clan, school
  noun (neuter)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

यः (yaḥ) - who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what (relative pronoun)

भैक्षम् (bhaikṣam) - alms, begged food

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhaikṣa

bhaikṣa - alms, food obtained by begging, mendicancy

उच्छिष्टम् (ucchiṣṭam) - leftovers, remnants, impure food

(verbal derivative)

अन्येषाम् (anyeṣām) - of others

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine/neuter, plural of anya

anya - other, another, different

भुङ्क्ते (bhuṅkte) - eats, consumes, enjoys

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of bhuj

Root: bhuj (class 7)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

सदा (sadā) - always, ever

(indeclinable)

सदा (sadā) - always, ever

(indeclinable)

Note: Repetition emphasizes continuity and constancy.

कीर्तयन् (kīrtayan) - praising, proclaiming, reciting

(verbal derivative)

गुणम् (guṇam) - quality, virtue, merit

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of guṇa

guṇa - quality, virtue, attribute, merit, strand, rope

अन्नानाम् (annānām) - of foods

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of anna

anna - food, grain, cooked rice

अघृणी (aghṛṇī) - without compassion, unfeeling, pitiless

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aghṛṇin

aghṛṇin - without pity, merciless, unfeeling, cruel

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+ghṛṇin)

• a – not, un- (negative prefix)
  indeclinable
• ghṛṇin – compassionate, pitiful, tender
  adjective

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

(indeclinable)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, repeatedly

(indeclinable)

Note: Repetition emphasizes frequency.