महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-155, verse-2

पुत्रजन्म परीप्सन्वै शोकोपहतचेतनः ।
नास्ति श्रेष्ठं ममापत्यमिति नित्यमचिन्तयत् ॥२॥

2. putrajanma parīpsanvai śokopahatacetanaḥ ,
nāsti śreṣṭhaṁ mamāpatyamiti nityamacintayat.

2. putrajanma parīpsan vai śokopahatacetanaḥ na
asti śreṣṭham mama apatyam iti nityam acintayat

2. Indeed, intensely desiring the birth of a son, his mind afflicted by sorrow, he constantly pondered, 'I have no excellent offspring.'

Words meanings summery:

• पुत्रजन्म (putrajanma) - birth of a son

• परीप्सन् (parīpsan) - intensely desiring, wishing for

• वै (vai) - indeed, verily, surely

• शोकोपहतचेतनः (śokopahatacetanaḥ) - whose mind is afflicted by sorrow

• न (na) - not, no

• अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

• श्रेष्ठम् (śreṣṭham) - best, excellent, superior

• मम (mama) - my, to me, of me

• अपत्यम् (apatyam) - offspring, child

• इति (iti) - thus, so

• नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly, always, perpetually

• अचिन्तयत् (acintayat) - he thought, he pondered

Words meanings and morphology

पुत्रजन्म (putrajanma) - birth of a son

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of putrajanman

putrajanman - birth of a son

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (putra+janman)

• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
• janman – birth, origin, existence
  noun (neuter)
  Root: jan (class 4)

परीप्सन् (parīpsan) - intensely desiring, wishing for

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parīpsat

parīpsat - desiring intensely, wishing to obtain

Present Active Participle (Desiderative)

Desiderative stem of pari-āp + śatṛ

Prefix: pari

Root: āp (class 5)

वै (vai) - indeed, verily, surely

(indeclinable)

शोकोपहतचेतनः (śokopahatacetanaḥ) - whose mind is afflicted by sorrow

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śokopahatacetas

śokopahatacetas - one whose mind is overwhelmed/afflicted by sorrow

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śoka+upahata+cetas)

• śoka – sorrow, grief, lamentation
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śuc (class 1)
• upahata – struck, afflicted, overwhelmed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From upa-han + kta
  Prefix: upa
  Root: han (class 2)
• cetas – mind, intellect, consciousness
  noun (neuter)
  Root: cit (class 1)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अस्ति (asti) - is, exists

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of as

Root: as (class 2)

श्रेष्ठम् (śreṣṭham) - best, excellent, superior

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, excellent, superior, most distinguished

Superlative of praśasya (good)

Note: Can also be accusative singular neuter.

मम (mama) - my, to me, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we (first person pronoun)

Note: Can also be dative singular.

अपत्यम् (apatyam) - offspring, child

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of apatya

apatya - offspring, child, descendant

From apa + pat + ya

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Can also be accusative singular neuter.

इति (iti) - thus, so

(indeclinable)

नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly, always, perpetually

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially here.

अचिन्तयत् (acintayat) - he thought, he pondered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (luṅ) of cint

Root: cit (class 10)