महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-155, verse-31

ततस्तस्य नरेन्द्रस्य उपयाजो महातपाः ।
आचख्यौ कर्म वैतानं तदा पुत्रफलाय वै ॥३१॥

31. tatastasya narendrasya upayājo mahātapāḥ ,
ācakhyau karma vaitānaṁ tadā putraphalāya vai.

31. tataḥ tasya narendrasya upayājaḥ mahātapāḥ
ācakhyau karma vaitānam tadā putra phalāya vai

31. Then, Upayāja, who possessed great asceticism (tapas), described to that king the Vedic ritual (karma) for the purpose of obtaining a son.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

• तस्य (tasya) - of that king (Drupada) (his, of him, of that)

• नरेन्द्रस्य (narendrasya) - of the king, of the lord of men

• उपयाजः (upayājaḥ) - Upayāja (name of a sage)

• महातपाः (mahātapāḥ) - of great asceticism, possessing great austerity (tapas)

• आचख्यौ (ācakhyau) - he described, he narrated

• कर्म (karma) - the specific Vedic ritual (karma) (ritual, action, deed (karma))

• वैतानम् (vaitānam) - Vedic, relating to sacred fires/rituals

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• पुत्र (putra) - son, child

• फलाय (phalāya) - for the result of a son (for the fruit, for the result)

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, verily

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

(indeclinable)

Adverbial particle.

तस्य (tasya) - of that king (Drupada) (his, of him, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, that one

Masculine genitive singular of 'tad'.

Note: Qualifies 'narendrasya'.

नरेन्द्रस्य (narendrasya) - of the king, of the lord of men

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of narendra

narendra - king, lord of men

From nara (man) + indra (lord) - Tatpuruṣa compound.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+indra)

• nara – man, person
  noun (masculine)
• indra – lord, chief; Indra (Vedic deity)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Drupada.

उपयाजः (upayājaḥ) - Upayāja (name of a sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upayāja

upayāja - Upayāja (name of a sage, Yāja's younger brother)

महातपाः (mahātapāḥ) - of great asceticism, possessing great austerity (tapas)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātapas

mahātapas - possessing great asceticism/austerity (tapas); a great ascetic

Bahuvrīhi compound, from mahat (great) and tapas (austerity/asceticism).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+tapas)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• tapas – asceticism, austerity, heat, spiritual fervor (tapas)
  noun (neuter)
  neuter noun
  Root: tap (class 1)

आचख्यौ (ācakhyau) - he described, he narrated

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of ācakṣ

Perfect

Third person singular perfect Parasmaipada of root √cakṣ with prefix ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: cakṣ (class 2)

कर्म (karma) - the specific Vedic ritual (karma) (ritual, action, deed (karma))

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, ritual, fate (karma)

From root √kṛ (to do) + -man suffix.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

वैतानम् (vaitānam) - Vedic, relating to sacred fires/rituals

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vaitāna

vaitāna - relating to the sacred fires, Vedic (ritual)

Derived from 'vitāna' (sacrificial ceremony, extension) with 'aṇ' suffix.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

पुत्र (putra) - son, child

(noun)

masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

फलाय (phalāya) - for the result of a son (for the fruit, for the result)

(noun)

Dative, neuter, singular of phala

phala - fruit, result, consequence, reward

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (putra+phala)

• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
• phala – fruit, result, consequence, reward
  noun (neuter)

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, verily

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.