महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-155, verse-22

स हि ब्रह्मविदां श्रेष्ठो ब्रह्मास्त्रे चाप्यनुत्तमः ।
तस्माद्द्रोणः पराजैषीन्मां वै स सखिविग्रहे ॥२२॥

22. sa hi brahmavidāṁ śreṣṭho brahmāstre cāpyanuttamaḥ ,
tasmāddroṇaḥ parājaiṣīnmāṁ vai sa sakhivigrahe.

22. sa hi brahmavidām śreṣṭhaḥ brahmāstre ca api anuttamaḥ
tasmāt droṇaḥ parājaiṣīt mām vai sa sakhivigrahe

22. For he is the foremost among those who know brahman (brahman) and also unparalleled in the use of the brahmāstra. That is why Droṇa was indeed able to defeat me in the conflict with my friend.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - he, that one

• हि (hi) - for, indeed, surely

• ब्रह्मविदाम् (brahmavidām) - among the knowers of brahman

• श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - best, foremost, most excellent

• ब्रह्मास्त्रे (brahmāstre) - in the use of the brahmāstra (in the brahmāstra)

• च (ca) - and

• अपि (api) - also, even

• अनुत्तमः (anuttamaḥ) - unexcelled, unsurpassed

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Droṇa

• पराजैषीत् (parājaiṣīt) - defeated, conquered

• माम् (mām) - me

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily

• स (sa) - he, that one

• सखिविग्रहे (sakhivigrahe) - in a battle with a friend, in a conflict with a friend

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - he, that one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

हि (hi) - for, indeed, surely

(indeclinable)

ब्रह्मविदाम् (brahmavidām) - among the knowers of brahman

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of brahmavid

brahmavid - knower of brahman, theologian

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahman+vid)

• brahman – the Absolute, ultimate reality, sacred word, Veda, priest
  noun (neuter)
• vid – knower, understanding
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vid (class 2)

श्रेष्ठः (śreṣṭhaḥ) - best, foremost, most excellent

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, most excellent, chief, principal

superlative of praśasya (excellent)

ब्रह्मास्त्रे (brahmāstre) - in the use of the brahmāstra (in the brahmāstra)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of brahmāstra

brahmāstra - a divine and powerful weapon of brahman

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahma+astra)

• brahma – brahman, holy power, sacred knowledge
  noun (neuter)
• astra – weapon, missile
  noun (neuter)
  Root: as (class 4)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

अनुत्तमः (anuttamaḥ) - unexcelled, unsurpassed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anuttama

anuttama - unexcelled, unsurpassed, supreme

negative prefix an- + uttama (best)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+uttama)

• an – not, non-
  indeclinable
• uttama – best, highest, supreme
  adjective (masculine)
  superlative of ud (up)

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

(indeclinable)

Note: ablative singular of tad, used as an adverb meaning 'therefore'

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Droṇa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Droṇa (a proper name, the preceptor of Kauravas and Pandavas)

पराजैषीत् (parājaiṣīt) - defeated, conquered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of parāji

aorist

root ji (to conquer) with prefix parā

Prefix: parā

Root: ji (class 1)

माम् (mām) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily

(indeclinable)

स (sa) - he, that one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

सखिविग्रहे (sakhivigrahe) - in a battle with a friend, in a conflict with a friend

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of sakhivigraha

sakhivigraha - conflict with a friend, battle against a friend

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sakhi+vigraha)

• sakhi – friend, companion
  noun (masculine)
• vigraha – battle, war, conflict, separation
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: grah (class 9)