योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-163, verse-56

तातस्य कूपोऽयमिति ब्रुवाणाः क्षारं जलं कापुरुषाः पिबन्ति ।
यथा भवन्तो विविचारवन्तस्तथानिशं मा भवताज्ञताप्त्यै ॥ ५६ ॥

tātasya kūpo'yamiti bruvāṇāḥ kṣāraṃ jalaṃ kāpuruṣāḥ pibanti ,
yathā bhavanto vivicāravantastathāniśaṃ mā bhavatājñatāptyai 56

56. tātasya kūpaḥ ayam iti bruvāṇāḥ
kṣāram jalam kāpuruṣāḥ pibanti | yathā
bhavantaḥ vivicāravantaḥ tathā
aniśam mā bhavatā ajñatā āptyai ||

56. yathā kāpuruṣāḥ 'tātasya ayam kūpaḥ' iti bruvāṇāḥ kṣāram jalam pibanti,
tathā vivicāravantaḥ bhavantaḥ,
aniśam ajñatā āptyai mā bhavatā.

56. Just as ignoble persons (kāpuruṣaḥ) drink salty water, saying 'This is my father's well,' so you, who are discerning, should not constantly strive for the attainment of ignorance.

Words meanings summery:

• तातस्य (tātasya) - of the father, father's

• कूपः (kūpaḥ) - well, pit, hole

• अयम् (ayam) - this (masculine)

• इति (iti) - thus, so (indicating direct speech)

• ब्रुवाणाः (bruvāṇāḥ) - speaking, saying (masculine nominative plural)

• क्षारम् (kṣāram) - salty, brackish

• जलम् (jalam) - water

• कापुरुषाः (kāpuruṣāḥ) - ignoble persons, bad people, cowards

• पिबन्ति (pibanti) - they drink

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in what manner

• भवन्तः (bhavantaḥ) - you (honorific plural)

• विविचारवन्तः (vivicāravantaḥ) - discerning, reflective, possessing discrimination

• तथा (tathā) - so, in that manner, accordingly

• अनिशम् (aniśam) - constantly, always, without rest

• मा (mā) - not, do not (prohibitive particle)

• भवता (bhavatā) - let it not be (for you)

• अज्ञता (ajñatā) - ignorance, lack of knowledge

• आप्त्यै (āptyai) - for the attainment, for the acquisition

Words meanings and morphology

तातस्य (tātasya) - of the father, father's

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, dear one (term of endearment or respect)

कूपः (kūpaḥ) - well, pit, hole

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kūpa

kūpa - well, pit, cavity

अयम् (ayam) - this (masculine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this (masculine)

Demonstrative pronoun, masculine singular nominative.

इति (iti) - thus, so (indicating direct speech)

(indeclinable)

Particle.

ब्रुवाणाः (bruvāṇāḥ) - speaking, saying (masculine nominative plural)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of brū

brū - to speak, to say, to tell

Present Middle Participle

Present Middle Participle of the root 'brū', masculine plural nominative.

Root: brū (class 2)

क्षारम् (kṣāram) - salty, brackish

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kṣāra

kṣāra - salty, alkaline, caustic; salt

Derived from the root 'kṣar' (to flow).

Root: kṣar (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'jalam'.

जलम् (jalam) - water

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of jala

jala - water

कापुरुषाः (kāpuruṣāḥ) - ignoble persons, bad people, cowards

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kāpuruṣa

kāpuruṣa - ignoble person, bad man, coward

Compound of 'ka' (bad, contemptible) and 'puruṣa' (person, man).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (ka+puruṣa)

• ka – bad, evil, contemptible
  adjective (masculine)
  Often used as a pejorative prefix in compounds.
• puruṣa – person, man, male; cosmic person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)

पिबन्ति (pibanti) - they drink

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of pā

Present Active Indicative

1st conjugation, Parasmaipada, 3rd person plural.

Root: pā (class 1)

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in what manner

(indeclinable)

Adverbial particle, introduces a comparison.

भवन्तः (bhavantaḥ) - you (honorific plural)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhavat

bhavat - your honor, you (honorific)

Declined form of the honorific pronoun derived from the present participle of bhū (to be).

Root: bhū (class 1)

विविचारवन्तः (vivicāravantaḥ) - discerning, reflective, possessing discrimination

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vivicāravant

vivicāravant - discerning, reflective, possessing discrimination, wise

From 'vivicāra' (discrimination, reflection) with the possessive suffix '-vant'. 'vivicāra' is from 'vi' + 'vicār' (to investigate).

Prefixes: vi+vi

Root: car (class 10)

Note: Agrees with 'bhavantaḥ'.

तथा (tathā) - so, in that manner, accordingly

(indeclinable)

Adverbial particle, correlates with 'yathā'.

अनिशम् (aniśam) - constantly, always, without rest

(indeclinable)

Adverb, from 'an' (without) + 'niśa' (rest, end).

मा (mā) - not, do not (prohibitive particle)

(indeclinable)

Prohibitive particle, typically used with the injunctive mood (or aorist).

भवता (bhavatā) - let it not be (for you)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of bhū

Imperative Middle (Ātmanepada)

1st conjugation, 3rd person singular imperative Ātmanepada. Used here to express an impersonal prohibition: 'let it not be'.

Root: bhū (class 1)

अज्ञता (ajñatā) - ignorance, lack of knowledge

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ajñatā

ajñatā - ignorance, lack of knowledge, nescience

From 'ajña' (ignorant) with the suffix '-tā' forming an abstract feminine noun.

Prefix: a

Root: jñā (class 9)

आप्त्यै (āptyai) - for the attainment, for the acquisition

(noun)

Dative, feminine, singular of āpti

āpti - attainment, acquisition, reaching, success

From the root 'āp' (to obtain, to reach) with the feminine suffix '-ti'.

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Signifies purpose, 'for the sake of attaining'.