योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-137, verse-60

कारणाज्जगदुत्पन्नं न ब्रह्मेत्थमवस्थितम् ।
जगत्तया शान्तमजं बोध इत्येव तुर्यता ॥ ६० ॥

kāraṇājjagadutpannaṃ na brahmetthamavasthitam ,
jagattayā śāntamajaṃ bodha ityeva turyatā 60

60. kāraṇāt jagat utpannam na brahma ittham avasthitam.
jagat-tayā śāntam ajam bodhaḥ iti eva turyatā.

60. jagat kāraṇāt utpannam na [bhavati].
brahma ittham avasthitam na [bhavati].
jagat-tayā śāntam ajam [iti] bodhaḥ eva turyatā [asti].

60. The world (jagat) is not produced from a cause (kāraṇa), nor is (the ultimate reality, brahman) established in such a manner (as a cause or effect). The fourth state (turyatā) is precisely this understanding (bodha): that the world is inherently peaceful and unborn.

60. העולם לא נוצר מתוך סיבה, וגם בְּרַהְמָן אינו קיים כסיבה כזו. התודעה השלווה והבלתי־נולדת, המופיעה כעולם, היא היא תּוּרִיָה (מצב התודעה הרביעי).

Words meanings summery:

• कारणात् (kāraṇāt) - from a cause, due to a reason

• जगत् (jagat) - the phenomenal world (jagat) (world, universe, moving)

• उत्पन्नम् (utpannam) - produced, arisen, born

• न (na) - not, no

• ब्रह्म (brahma) - the supreme reality (brahman), which is beyond cause and effect (brahman, ultimate reality)

• इत्थम् (ittham) - in the manner of being produced from a cause or being an effect (thus, in this manner, so)

• अवस्थितम् (avasthitam) - established as a cause or effect (which Brahman is not) (situated, standing, established, existing)

• जगत्-तया (jagat-tayā) - in terms of its true nature as world (by the nature of the world, by world-ness)

• शान्तम् (śāntam) - peaceful, calm, quiescent, appeased

• अजम् (ajam) - unborn, unoriginated

• बोधः (bodhaḥ) - understanding, knowledge, enlightenment

• इति (iti) - introduces the explanatory clause about the nature of the world (thus, so, indicating a quote or explanation)

• एव (eva) - emphasizes that the understanding (bodha) is the turyatā (indeed, only, just, precisely)

• तुर्यता (turyatā) - the essential nature or state of turīyaka (the state of being the fourth)

Words meanings and morphology

कारणात् (kāraṇāt) - from a cause, due to a reason

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of kāraṇa

kāraṇa - cause, reason, instrument

From root 'kṛ' (to do) + suffix 'ana'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

जगत् (jagat) - the phenomenal world (jagat) (world, universe, moving)

(noun)

neuter, singular of jagat

jagat - world, universe, moving

Present Active Participle

From root 'gam' (to go) in reduplicated form, + suffix 'śatṛ'. Here substantivized.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Represents the phenomenal, changing world.

उत्पन्नम् (utpannam) - produced, arisen, born

(adjective)

neuter, singular of utpanna

utpanna - produced, arisen, born

Past Passive Participle

From prefix 'ut' + root 'pad' (to go) + suffix 'kta'.

Prefix: ut

Root: pad (class 4)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

ब्रह्म (brahma) - the supreme reality (brahman), which is beyond cause and effect (brahman, ultimate reality)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of brahman

brahman - the ultimate reality, the absolute (brahman), the Self (ātman), sacred knowledge

From root 'bṛh' (to grow, expand).

Root: bṛh (class 1)

Note: In Advaita, Brahman is uncaused and without attributes or modifications.

इत्थम् (ittham) - in the manner of being produced from a cause or being an effect (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

From 'idam' (this) + 'thā' (manner suffix).

अवस्थितम् (avasthitam) - established as a cause or effect (which Brahman is not) (situated, standing, established, existing)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of avasthita

avasthita - situated, standing, established, existing

Past Passive Participle

From prefix 'ava' + root 'sthā' (to stand) + suffix 'kta'.

Prefix: ava

Root: sthā (class 1)

जगत्-तया (jagat-tayā) - in terms of its true nature as world (by the nature of the world, by world-ness)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of jagat-tā

jagat-tā - world-ness, the nature of being the world

From 'jagat' (world) + suffix 'tā' (abstract noun forming suffix).

Compound type : śaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (jagat+tā)

• jagat – world, universe
  noun (neuter)
  Present Active Participle
  From root 'gam' (to go) + śatṛ
  Root: gam (class 1)
• tā – -ness, -hood, state of being
  suffix forming noun (feminine)
  Abstract noun forming suffix

Note: This instrumental refers to the inherent nature of the world.

शान्तम् (śāntam) - peaceful, calm, quiescent, appeased

(adjective)

neuter, singular of śānta

śānta - peaceful, calm, quiescent, appeased

Past Passive Participle

From root 'śam' (to be calm, cease) + suffix 'kta'.

Root: śam (class 4)

अजम् (ajam) - unborn, unoriginated

(adjective)

neuter, singular of aja

aja - unborn, unoriginated

Compound of 'a' (not) + root 'jan' (to be born).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+ja)

• a – not, un-
  prefix
• ja – born, produced
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle (derived form)
  From root 'jan' (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

बोधः (bodhaḥ) - understanding, knowledge, enlightenment

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bodha

bodha - understanding, knowledge, enlightenment, awakening (bodha)

From root 'budh' (to know, awaken).

Root: budh (class 1)

इति (iti) - introduces the explanatory clause about the nature of the world (thus, so, indicating a quote or explanation)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - emphasizes that the understanding (bodha) is the turyatā (indeed, only, just, precisely)

(indeclinable)

तुर्यता (turyatā) - the essential nature or state of turīyaka (the state of being the fourth)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of turyatā

turyatā - the state of being the fourth, the fourth state (turyatā)

From 'turiya' (fourth) + suffix 'tā' (abstract noun forming suffix).

Previous Verse Next Verse