योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-137, verse-55

एषावस्था यदा याति घनता मुच्यते तदा ।
निद्राशब्देन तन्वी तु स्वशब्देन कथ्यते ॥ ५५ ॥

eṣāvasthā yadā yāti ghanatā mucyate tadā ,
nidrāśabdena tanvī tu svaśabdena kathyate 55

55. eṣā avasthā yadā yāti ghanatām mucyate tadā
nidrā-śabdena tanvī tu sva-śabdena kathyate

55. yadā eṣā avasthā ghanatām yāti,
tadā nidrā-śabdena mucyate .
tanvī tu sva-śabdena kathyate .

55. When this state (of profound rest) attains density, it is then called 'sleep' (nidrā). But when it is subtle, it is described by its own appropriate term (referring to the true nature of undisturbed consciousness).

Words meanings summery:

• एषा (eṣā) - this, this one

• अवस्था (avasthā) - state, condition, situation

• यदा (yadā) - when, at which time

• याति (yāti) - attains (goes, attains, reaches)

• घनताम् (ghanatām) - density (in the sense of becoming profound or dense) (density, thickness, profoundness)

• मुच्यते (mucyate) - is called, is designated (is released, is liberated, is called)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• निद्रा-शब्देन (nidrā-śabdena) - by the word 'sleep' (nidrā)

• तन्वी (tanvī) - when it is subtle (subtle, slender, delicate)

• तु (tu) - but (but, on the other hand, indeed)

• स्व-शब्देन (sva-śabdena) - by its own appropriate term (by its own word/term)

• कथ्यते (kathyate) - is described, is called (is told, is spoken, is described)

Words meanings and morphology

एषा (eṣā) - this, this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one, here, now

अवस्था (avasthā) - state, condition, situation

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of avasthā

avasthā - state, condition, situation, position

Prefix: ava

Root: sthā (class 1)

यदा (yadā) - when, at which time

(indeclinable)

याति (yāti) - attains (goes, attains, reaches)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of yā

Present Indicative

Root: yā (class 2)

घनताम् (ghanatām) - density (in the sense of becoming profound or dense) (density, thickness, profoundness)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of ghanatā

ghanatā - density, thickness, profoundness, solidity

Derived from ghana + tā (abstract suffix)

मुच्यते (mucyate) - is called, is designated (is released, is liberated, is called)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of muc

Present Indicative

Root: muc (class 6)

Note: Here meaning 'is called' or 'is released as/under the name of'.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

निद्रा-शब्देन (nidrā-śabdena) - by the word 'sleep' (nidrā)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of nidrā-śabda

nidrā-śabda - the word 'sleep'

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nidrā+śabda)

• nidrā – sleep, slumber (nidrā)
  noun (feminine)
• śabda – word, sound, term
  noun (masculine)

तन्वी (tanvī) - when it is subtle (subtle, slender, delicate)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tanvī

tanvī - subtle, slender, delicate, thin, fine

Note: Agrees with implied 'avasthā'.

तु (tu) - but (but, on the other hand, indeed)

(indeclinable)

स्व-शब्देन (sva-śabdena) - by its own appropriate term (by its own word/term)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sva-śabda

sva-śabda - one's own word/term

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sva+śabda)

• sva – own, one's own
  pronoun
• śabda – word, sound, term
  noun (masculine)

कथ्यते (kathyate) - is described, is called (is told, is spoken, is described)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of kath

Present Indicative

Root: kath (class 10)