योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-106, verse-42

श्रीराम उवाच ।
एवं चेत्तद्वद ब्रह्मन्कार्यकारणतादिकः ।
कथं भेदः किमायातः कथं सत्यत्वमागतः ॥ ४२ ॥

śrīrāma uvāca ,
evaṃ cettadvada brahmankāryakāraṇatādikaḥ ,
kathaṃ bhedaḥ kimāyātaḥ kathaṃ satyatvamāgataḥ 42

42. śrīrāmaḥ uvāca | evam cet tat vada brahman kāryakāraṇatā-ādikaḥ
| katham bhedaḥ kim āyātaḥ katham satyatvam āgataḥ ||

42. śrīrāmaḥ uvāca brahman evam cet tat vada kāryakāraṇatā-ādikaḥ
bhedaḥ katham āyātaḥ kim? katham satyatvam āgataḥ?

42. Śrī Rāma said: 'If this is the case, then, O brahmin, please explain: how did this distinction of cause and effect and so forth originate? How did it come to possess reality?'

Words meanings summery:

• श्रीरामः (śrīrāmaḥ) - The speaker, Śrī Rāma, son of Daśaratha and an incarnation of Viṣṇu, a central figure in the Yogavāsiṣṭha. (Lord Rāma, the illustrious Rāma)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• एवम् (evam) - if things are as you described (thus, so, in this way)

• चेत् (cet) - if, if indeed

• तत् (tat) - then, in that case (that, then)

• वद (vada) - explain, tell me (speak, tell)

• ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - Address to Sage Vasiṣṭha (O Brahmin, O learned one)

• कार्यकारणता-आदिकः (kāryakāraṇatā-ādikaḥ) - the distinctions of cause and effect, and similar categories (the state of being cause and effect, and so on)

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• भेदः (bhedaḥ) - this particular distinction or differentiation (division, distinction, differentiation, difference)

• किम् (kim) - how/why (interrogative adverb) (what, how)

• आयातः (āyātaḥ) - arisen, originated (come, arrived, obtained, arisen)

• कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

• सत्यत्वम् (satyatvam) - the state of being real or true (reality, truth, truthfulness)

• आगतः (āgataḥ) - attained, acquired (reality) (come, arrived, attained, arisen)

Words meanings and morphology

श्रीरामः (śrīrāmaḥ) - The speaker, Śrī Rāma, son of Daśaratha and an incarnation of Viṣṇu, a central figure in the Yogavāsiṣṭha. (Lord Rāma, the illustrious Rāma)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrīrāma

śrīrāma - Lord Rāma, the illustrious Rāma

Compound of śrī (illustrious, revered) and rāma (Rāma).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (śrī+rāma)

• śrī – lustre, glory, prosperity, auspiciousness; revered, illustrious
  adjective (feminine)
• rāma – Rāma (proper name); pleasing, charming
  proper noun (masculine)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

perfect tense

3rd person singular perfect active of root vac. Irregular formation.

Root: vac (class 2)

एवम् (evam) - if things are as you described (thus, so, in this way)

(indeclinable)

चेत् (cet) - if, if indeed

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects to evam to form "if thus".

तत् (tat) - then, in that case (that, then)

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Used adverbially here to mean "then".

वद (vada) - explain, tell me (speak, tell)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (lot) of vad

imperative

2nd person singular imperative active of root vad.

Root: vad (class 1)

ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - Address to Sage Vasiṣṭha (O Brahmin, O learned one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - a Brahmin, a priest, the sacred word, the absolute (brahman)

Vocative singular of brahman.

कार्यकारणता-आदिकः (kāryakāraṇatā-ādikaḥ) - the distinctions of cause and effect, and similar categories (the state of being cause and effect, and so on)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāryakāraṇatā-ādika

kāryakāraṇatā-ādika - relating to cause and effect etc.

Bahuvrīhi compound from kāryakāraṇatā (causality) and ādika (beginning with, and so on).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kāryakāraṇatā+ādika)

• kārya – effect, work, duty, to be done
  noun (neuter)
  gerundive
  Derived from root kṛ (to do) with suffix -ya.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• kāraṇa – cause, reason, instrument
  noun (neuter)
  agent noun
  Derived from root kṛ (to do) with suffix -ana.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• tā – suffix denoting state or condition; -ness, -hood
  suffix (feminine)
  Feminine suffix forming abstract nouns.
• ādika – beginning with, and so forth, etc.
  adjective
  From ādi (beginning) with suffix -ka.

Note: Agrees with bhedaḥ.

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

भेदः (bhedaḥ) - this particular distinction or differentiation (division, distinction, differentiation, difference)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bheda

bheda - division, distinction, differentiation, separation, type, kind

From root bhid (to break, divide).

Root: bhid (class 7)

किम् (kim) - how/why (interrogative adverb) (what, how)

(indeclinable)

आयातः (āyātaḥ) - arisen, originated (come, arrived, obtained, arisen)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āyāta

āyāta - come, arrived, approached, attained, derived

past passive participle

Past passive participle of root yā (to go) with prefix ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Agrees with bhedaḥ.

कथम् (katham) - how, in what manner

(indeclinable)

सत्यत्वम् (satyatvam) - the state of being real or true (reality, truth, truthfulness)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of satyatva

satyatva - reality, truth, truthfulness

From satya (true, real) with suffix -tva (abstract noun).

आगतः (āgataḥ) - attained, acquired (reality) (come, arrived, attained, arisen)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āgata

āgata - come, arrived, approached, attained, acquired

past passive participle

Past passive participle of root gam (to go) with prefix ā.

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Grammatically masculine singular nominative, likely referring to the implicit subject of the question, the bheda or the overall phenomenon being queried.