योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-56, verse-57

संवित्पुरुषशब्दार्थैः स कलङ्कैः कलंक्यते ।
अहंत्वंवासनारूपैः शुक्तिकारजतोपमैः ॥ ५७ ॥

saṃvitpuruṣaśabdārthaiḥ sa kalaṅkaiḥ kalaṃkyate ,
ahaṃtvaṃvāsanārūpaiḥ śuktikārajatopamaiḥ 57

57. saṃvitpuruṣaśabdārthaiḥ saḥ kalaṅkaiḥ kalaṅkyate
ahaṃtvaṃvāsanārūpaiḥ śuktikārajatopamaiḥ

57. saḥ saṃvitpuruṣaśabdārthaiḥ ahaṃtvaṃvāsanārūpaiḥ śuktikārajatopamaiḥ kalaṅkaiḥ kalaṅkyate.

57. He is stained by these blemishes, which are identified with the conceptual meanings of the words 'consciousness' (saṃvit) and 'puruṣa', and which manifest as forms of ego (ahaṅkāra) and latent impressions (vāsanā), all resembling the illusory silver seen in a mother-of-pearl shell.

Words meanings summery:

• संवित्पुरुषशब्दार्थैः (saṁvitpuruṣaśabdārthaiḥ) - by the conceptual interpretations associated with 'consciousness' (saṃvit) and 'puruṣa' (by the meanings of the words 'consciousness' and 'puruṣa')

• सः (saḥ) - that (great soul, mahātman) (he, that (one))

• कलङ्कैः (kalaṅkaiḥ) - by blemishes, by stains

• कलङ्क्यते (kalaṅkyate) - is stained, is defiled, is blemished

• अहंत्वंवासनारूपैः (ahaṁtvaṁvāsanārūpaiḥ) - by forms of ego (ahaṅkāra) and latent impressions (vāsanā)

• शुक्तिकारजतोपमैः (śuktikārajatopamaiḥ) - like the illusory silver perceived in a mother-of-pearl shell (an example of māyā) (resembling shell-silver (illusion))

Words meanings and morphology

संवित्पुरुषशब्दार्थैः (saṁvitpuruṣaśabdārthaiḥ) - by the conceptual interpretations associated with 'consciousness' (saṃvit) and 'puruṣa' (by the meanings of the words 'consciousness' and 'puruṣa')

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of saṃvitpuruṣaśabdārtha

saṁvitpuruṣaśabdārtha - the meaning of the words 'consciousness' (saṃvit) and 'puruṣa'

Compound of 'saṃvit', 'puruṣa', 'śabda', and 'artha'.

Compound type : dvandva-tatpuruṣa (saṃvit+puruṣa+śabda+artha)

• saṃvit – consciousness, knowledge, intelligence, understanding
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root 'vid' with prefix 'sam'.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: vid (class 2)
• puruṣa – person (puruṣa), conscious principle, soul, spirit
  noun (masculine)
• śabda – word, sound, speech
  noun (masculine)
• artha – meaning, purpose, object, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Acts as an instrumental cause for 'kalaṅkyate'.

सः (saḥ) - that (great soul, mahātman) (he, that (one))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject of 'kalaṅkyate'.

कलङ्कैः (kalaṅkaiḥ) - by blemishes, by stains

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kalaṅka

kalaṅka - blemish, stain, fault, defect, spot

Note: Instrumental cause for being stained.

कलङ्क्यते (kalaṅkyate) - is stained, is defiled, is blemished

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of kalaṅk

Denominal verb

Formed from the noun 'kalaṅka'. The 'ya' ending indicates passive voice or 4th class verb. Here it's passive.

अहंत्वंवासनारूपैः (ahaṁtvaṁvāsanārūpaiḥ) - by forms of ego (ahaṅkāra) and latent impressions (vāsanā)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ahaṃtvaṃvāsanārūpa

ahaṁtvaṁvāsanārūpa - forms of 'I-ness' (ahaṅkāra/ahaṃtva) and latent impressions (vāsanā)

Compound of 'ahaṃtva', 'vāsanā', and 'rūpa'.

Compound type : dvandva-tatpuruṣa (ahaṃtva+vāsanā+rūpa)

• ahaṃtva – I-ness, egoism, ego (ahaṅkāra)
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from 'aham' (I) + 'tva' (suffix for 'ness')
• vāsanā – latent impression, unconscious tendency, karmic residue
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from root 'vas' (to dwell) with causative suffix and feminine ending.
  Root: vas (class 1)
• rūpa – form, shape, appearance, nature
  noun (neuter)

Note: In apposition to 'kalaṅkaiḥ', describing their nature.

शुक्तिकारजतोपमैः (śuktikārajatopamaiḥ) - like the illusory silver perceived in a mother-of-pearl shell (an example of māyā) (resembling shell-silver (illusion))

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śuktikārajatopama

śuktikārajatopama - resembling shell-silver (illusion), like the silver perceived in a mother-of-pearl

Compound of 'śuktikārajata' and 'upama'. 'śuktikārajata' itself is 'śuktikā' + 'rajata'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa-bahuvrīhi (śuktikā+rajata+upama)

• śuktikā – oyster shell, mother-of-pearl
  noun (feminine)
• rajata – silver
  noun (neuter)
• upama – resemblance, comparison, simile
  adjective

Note: In apposition to 'kalaṅkaiḥ', further describing their nature as illusory.