योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-56, verse-30

यथा विपणिकालोका विहरन्तोऽप्यसत्समाः ।
असंबन्धात्तथा ज्ञस्य ग्रामोपि विपिनोपमः ॥ ३० ॥

yathā vipaṇikālokā viharanto'pyasatsamāḥ ,
asaṃbandhāttathā jñasya grāmopi vipinopamaḥ 30

30. yathā vipaṇikālokāḥ viharantaḥ api asat-samāḥ
asaṃbandhāt tathā jñasya grāmaḥ api vipina-upamaḥ

30. yathā vipaṇikālokāḥ api viharantaḥ asat-samāḥ,
tathā asaṃbandhāt jñasya grāmaḥ api vipina-upamaḥ

30. Just as people in a market, even while moving about, are like non-existent (asat-samāḥ) due to their lack of deep connection, similarly, for the enlightened knower (jña), even a village is like a solitary forest (vipina-upamaḥ) because of non-attachment (asaṃbandha).

30. כשם שעוברי אורח בשוק סואן נתפסים ככמעט אינם קיימים בשל היעדר קשר אישי איתם, כך עבור האדם היודע, אפילו כפר או עיר נראים כיער בודד.

Words meanings summery:

• यथा (yathā) - Introduces the comparison. (just as, in the same way as)

• विपणिकालोकाः (vipaṇikālokāḥ) - Refers to the individuals in a bustling marketplace who are often perceived as a collective, lacking individual connection. (market people, crowds in a market)

• विहरन्तः (viharantaḥ) - Describes the bustling activity of people in a market. (moving about, wandering, strolling)

• अपि (api) - Emphasizes that despite their activity, they seem unreal. (even, also)

• असत्-समाः (asat-samāḥ) - Suggests that the market people, despite their physical presence, are not truly connected or significant to an observer, thus appearing unreal. (like non-existent, unreal-like)

• असंबन्धात् (asaṁbandhāt) - The reason for the detached perception of the knower; implies a lack of binding relationships or emotional ties. (asaṃbandha) (from/due to non-connection, non-attachment)

• तथा (tathā) - Indicates the continuation of the comparison. (so, thus, similarly)

• ज्ञस्य (jñasya) - Refers to an individual possessing true knowledge or wisdom. (jña) (of the knower, of the enlightened one)

• ग्रामः (grāmaḥ) - A populated place, typically associated with social bonds and activities. (village, hamlet)

• अपि (api) - Emphasizes that even a village, a place of social connection, is perceived as detached. (even, also)

• विपिन-उपमः (vipina-upamaḥ) - The perception of a village as a solitary, unpopulated forest, highlighting the knower's detachment from social ties. (like a forest, resembling a forest)

Words meanings and morphology

यथा (yathā) - Introduces the comparison. (just as, in the same way as)

(indeclinable)

विपणिकालोकाः (vipaṇikālokāḥ) - Refers to the individuals in a bustling marketplace who are often perceived as a collective, lacking individual connection. (market people, crowds in a market)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vipaṇikāloka

vipaṇikāloka - market crowd, people in a market

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vipaṇikā+loka)

• vipaṇikā – market, shop
  noun (feminine)
  Diminutive or derived form of vipaṇi.
• loka – people, world, public
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root lok (to see).
  Root: lok (class 10)

विहरन्तः (viharantaḥ) - Describes the bustling activity of people in a market. (moving about, wandering, strolling)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of viharant

viharant - moving about, wandering, enjoying

Present Active Participle

Derived from root hṛ (to carry) with prefix vi.

Prefix: vi

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with vipaṇikālokāḥ.

अपि (api) - Emphasizes that despite their activity, they seem unreal. (even, also)

(indeclinable)

असत्-समाः (asat-samāḥ) - Suggests that the market people, despite their physical presence, are not truly connected or significant to an observer, thus appearing unreal. (like non-existent, unreal-like)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of asatsama

asatsama - like non-existent, resembling the unreal

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (asat+sama)

• asat – non-existent, unreal, false
  adjective (neuter)
  Negation (a-) of sat (existent, real).
  Prefix: a
  Root: as (class 2)
• sama – equal, like, similar
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with vipaṇikālokāḥ.

असंबन्धात् (asaṁbandhāt) - The reason for the detached perception of the knower; implies a lack of binding relationships or emotional ties. (asaṃbandha) (from/due to non-connection, non-attachment)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of asaṃbandha

asaṁbandha - non-connection, non-attachment, absence of relationship

Negation (a-) of saṃbandha (connection).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (a+saṃbandha)

• a – not, non-
  prefix
  Negation prefix.
• saṃbandha – connection, relationship, union
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root bandh (to bind) with prefix sam.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: bandh (class 1)

तथा (tathā) - Indicates the continuation of the comparison. (so, thus, similarly)

(indeclinable)

ज्ञस्य (jñasya) - Refers to an individual possessing true knowledge or wisdom. (jña) (of the knower, of the enlightened one)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of jña

jña - knowing, wise, intelligent; a knower

Derived from root jñā (to know).

Root: jñā (class 9)

ग्रामः (grāmaḥ) - A populated place, typically associated with social bonds and activities. (village, hamlet)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of grāma

grāma - village, hamlet, multitude, collection

अपि (api) - Emphasizes that even a village, a place of social connection, is perceived as detached. (even, also)

(indeclinable)

विपिन-उपमः (vipina-upamaḥ) - The perception of a village as a solitary, unpopulated forest, highlighting the knower's detachment from social ties. (like a forest, resembling a forest)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vipinopama

vipinopama - like a forest, comparable to a forest

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vipina+upama)

• vipina – forest, jungle
  noun (neuter)
• upama – like, similar, resembling
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root mā (to measure) with prefix upa.
  Prefix: upa
  Root: mā (class 2)

Note: Agrees with grāmaḥ.

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