योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-56, verse-18

तनुवासनमत्युच्चैः पदायोद्यतमुच्यते ।
अवासनं मनो कर्तृपदं तस्मादवाप्यते ॥ १८ ॥

tanuvāsanamatyuccaiḥ padāyodyatamucyate ,
avāsanaṃ mano kartṛpadaṃ tasmādavāpyate 18

18. tanuvāsanam atyuccaiḥ padāya udyatam ucyate
avāsanam manaḥ kartṛpadam tasmāt avāpyate

18. tanuvāsanam (manaḥ) atyuccaiḥ padāya udyatam
ucyate tasmāt avāsanam manaḥ kartṛpadam avāpyate

18. A mind with attenuated latent impressions (vāsana) is said to be striving for the most exalted state. Therefore, by a mind free of latent impressions (avāsana), the state of non-doership (kartṛpada) is attained.

Words meanings summery:

• तनुवासनम् (tanuvāsanam) - Here 'tanuvāsanam' implicitly refers to the mind (manaḥ) that possesses such subtle impressions. (a mind with subtle/attenuated latent impressions)

• अत्युच्चैः (atyuccaiḥ) - Functions as an adverb modifying 'udyatam'. (very high, highly, exalted)

• पदाय (padāya) - for the state, for the position

• उद्यतम् (udyatam) - Qualifies 'tanuvāsanam'. (striving, prepared, ready)

• उच्यते (ucyate) - is said, is called

• अवासनम् (avāsanam) - Qualifies 'manaḥ'. (without latent impressions/desires, desireless)

• मनः (manaḥ) - Acts as the agent in the passive construction. (mind, intellect)

• कर्तृपदम् (kartṛpadam) - The object attained. (state of agency, position of doer)

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

• अवाप्यते (avāpyate) - is attained, is obtained

Words meanings and morphology

तनुवासनम् (tanuvāsanam) - Here 'tanuvāsanam' implicitly refers to the mind (manaḥ) that possesses such subtle impressions. (a mind with subtle/attenuated latent impressions)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tanuvāsana

tanuvāsana - subtle/attenuated latent impression or a mind with such impressions

Compound of 'tanu' (subtle, attenuated) and 'vāsana' (latent impression).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tanu+vāsana)

• tanu – subtle, slender, attenuated
  adjective
• vāsana – latent impression, mental tendency, desire
  noun (feminine)
  From root vas (to dwell, to perfume).
  Root: vas (class 1)

अत्युच्चैः (atyuccaiḥ) - Functions as an adverb modifying 'udyatam'. (very high, highly, exalted)

(indeclinable)

Formed from 'ati' (very) and 'uccaiḥ' (high, loud, adv).

Compound type : avyayībhāva (ati+uccaiḥ)

• ati – over, beyond, excessively, very
  indeclinable
  prefix
• uccaiḥ – high, upwards, loudly
  indeclinable

पदाय (padāya) - for the state, for the position

(noun)

Dative, neuter, singular of pada

pada - step, foot, position, state, word

Root: pad (class 4)

उद्यतम् (udyatam) - Qualifies 'tanuvāsanam'. (striving, prepared, ready)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of udyata

udyata - prepared, ready, striving, undertaking, exerting oneself

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root 'yam' with prefix 'ud-'.

Prefix: ud

Root: yam (class 1)

उच्यते (ucyate) - is said, is called

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of vac

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Passive voice.

अवासनम् (avāsanam) - Qualifies 'manaḥ'. (without latent impressions/desires, desireless)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of avāsana

avāsana - without latent impressions, free from desires/mental tendencies

Negative compound with 'a-' and 'vāsana' (latent impression).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vāsana)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
• vāsana – latent impression, mental tendency, desire
  noun (feminine)
  From root vas (to dwell, to perfume).
  Root: vas (class 1)

मनः (manaḥ) - Acts as the agent in the passive construction. (mind, intellect)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, consciousness

कर्तृपदम् (kartṛpadam) - The object attained. (state of agency, position of doer)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kartṛpada

kartṛpada - state of being a doer, position of agency

Compound of 'kartṛ' (doer) and 'pada' (state, position).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kartṛ+pada)

• kartṛ – doer, agent
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from root kṛ (to do).
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• pada – state, position, rank
  noun (neuter)
  Root: pad (class 4)

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore, from that

(pronoun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, it

Note: Functions as an indeclinable 'therefore'.

अवाप्यते (avāpyate) - is attained, is obtained

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of āp

Prefix: ava

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Passive voice.

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