योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-51, verse-40

कदाचिद्बाह्यसंस्पर्शपरित्यागादनन्तरम् ।
तस्यागच्छच्चित्तकपिः प्रोद्वेगं सत्त्वसंस्थितौ ॥ ४० ॥

kadācidbāhyasaṃsparśaparityāgādanantaram ,
tasyāgacchaccittakapiḥ prodvegaṃ sattvasaṃsthitau 40

40. kadācit bāhyasaṃsparśaparityāgāt anantaram tasya
agacchat cittakapiḥ prodvegaṃ sattvasaṃsthitau

40. kadācit bāhyasaṃsparśaparityāgāt anantaram tasya
cittakapiḥ sattvasaṃsthitau prodvegaṃ agacchat

40. Occasionally, after giving up external sensory contacts, his monkey-like mind (cittakapi) experienced intense agitation even when attempting to establish itself in a state of mental purity (sattva).

Words meanings summery:

• कदाचित् (kadācit) - sometimes, occasionally

• बाह्यसंस्पर्शपरित्यागात् (bāhyasaṁsparśaparityāgāt) - from the abandonment of external contacts

• अनन्तरम् (anantaram) - afterwards, immediately after

• तस्य (tasya) - Uddālaka's (his)

• अगच्छत् (agacchat) - it experienced (agitation came to it) (it went, it came, it attained)

• चित्तकपिः (cittakapiḥ) - monkey-mind

• प्रोद्वेगं (prodvegaṁ) - intense agitation, great disturbance

• सत्त्वसंस्थितौ (sattvasaṁsthitau) - in the state of mental purity or firm composure (in the state of purity (sattva), in a stable condition)

Words meanings and morphology

कदाचित् (kadācit) - sometimes, occasionally

(indeclinable)

Adverb formed from kadā (when) + cit (particle).

Note: Adverb of time.

बाह्यसंस्पर्शपरित्यागात् (bāhyasaṁsparśaparityāgāt) - from the abandonment of external contacts

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of bāhyasaṃsparśaparityāga

bāhyasaṁsparśaparityāga - abandonment of external contacts

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (bāhya+saṃsparśa+parityāga)

• bāhya – external, outer
  adjective (masculine)
  From bahis (outside).
• saṃsparśa – contact, touch, sensation
  noun (masculine)
  From sam-√spṛś 'to touch'.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: spṛś (class 6)
• parityāga – abandonment, renunciation, giving up
  noun (masculine)
  From pari-√tyaj 'to abandon'.
  Prefix: pari
  Root: tyaj (class 1)

Note: Indicates the point from which 'after' begins.

अनन्तरम् (anantaram) - afterwards, immediately after

(indeclinable)

an- (not) + antara (interval). Used here adverbially with ablative.

Note: Used with ablative to mean 'after'.

तस्य (tasya) - Uddālaka's (his)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, his/her/its

Demonstrative pronoun, masculine genitive singular.

Note: Modifies cittakapiḥ.

अगच्छत् (agacchat) - it experienced (agitation came to it) (it went, it came, it attained)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of gam

Imperfect active

From √gam 'to go', 3rd person singular imperfect.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: The subject is cittakapiḥ.

चित्तकपिः (cittakapiḥ) - monkey-mind

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of cittakapi

cittakapi - monkey of a mind, mind-monkey

Compound type : Upamāna Pūrvapada Karmadhāraya (citta+kapi)

• citta – mind, thought, consciousness
  noun (neuter)
  From √cit 'to perceive, think'.
  Root: cit (class 10)
• kapi – monkey
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kamp (class 1)

Note: Subject of agacchat.

प्रोद्वेगं (prodvegaṁ) - intense agitation, great disturbance

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prodvega

prodvega - agitation, intense disturbance, fear, anxiety

From pra-ud-√vij 'to be agitated'.

Prefixes: pra+ud

Root: vij (class 6)

Note: Object of the verb agacchat (here meaning 'experienced' or 'came to').

सत्त्वसंस्थितौ (sattvasaṁsthitau) - in the state of mental purity or firm composure (in the state of purity (sattva), in a stable condition)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of sattvasaṃsthiti

sattvasaṁsthiti - state of purity, stable condition, firm establishment in goodness

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (sattva+saṃsthiti)

• sattva – purity, goodness, essence, existence, reality, vitality
  noun (neuter)
  From sant (being) or √as (to be).
  Root: as (class 2)
• saṃsthiti – state, condition, firm establishment, dwelling
  noun (feminine)
  From sam-√sthā 'to stand firmly, be established'.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Indicates the state or condition in which the agitation occurred.