योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-51, verse-45

इति पर्याकुलस्यान्तः स खलु ध्यानवृत्तिषु ।
दरीष्वन्वहमुग्रासु वातमग्न इव द्रुमः ॥ ४५ ॥

iti paryākulasyāntaḥ sa khalu dhyānavṛttiṣu ,
darīṣvanvahamugrāsu vātamagna iva drumaḥ 45

45. iti paryākulasya antaḥ sa khalu dhyānavṛttiṣu
darīṣu anvaham ugrāsu vātamagnaḥ iva drumaḥ

45. sa paryākulasya antaḥ iti khalu darīṣu ugrāsu
anvaham dhyānavṛttiṣu vātamagnaḥ drumaḥ iva

45. Thus, internally agitated, he remained immersed in his meditative practices (dhyāna), like a tree buffeted by wind in formidable caves, day after day.

Words meanings summery:

• इति (iti) - introducing the state described (thus, in this manner, so)

• पर्याकुलस्य (paryākulasya) - of him (the muni) who was greatly agitated (of the troubled one, of the agitated one)

• अन्तः (antaḥ) - referring to his inner state (inside, within, internal)

• स (sa) - referring to the muni mentioned in previous verses (implied context) (he, that (one))

• खलु (khalu) - emphasizes the statement (indeed, certainly, surely)

• ध्यानवृत्तिषु (dhyānavṛttiṣu) - referring to his sustained engagement in meditation (in meditative practices, in mental activities of meditation)

• दरीषु (darīṣu) - referring to the physical location of his meditation (in caves, in grottoes)

• अन्वहम् (anvaham) - indicates the continuous nature of his practice (daily, day after day)

• उग्रासु (ugrāsu) - describing the harsh or challenging nature of the caves (in dreadful, in formidable, in fierce)

• वातमग्नः (vātamagnaḥ) - describing the tree as being severely affected by wind (wind-engulfed, immersed in wind, buffeted by wind)

• इव (iva) - introduces a simile (like, as, as if)

• द्रुमः (drumaḥ) - the object of comparison (tree)

Words meanings and morphology

इति (iti) - introducing the state described (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

पर्याकुलस्य (paryākulasya) - of him (the muni) who was greatly agitated (of the troubled one, of the agitated one)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of paryākula

paryākula - agitated, greatly troubled, disturbed, overwhelmed

Past Passive Participle

From pari (around, completely) + ā (to, towards) + root kul (to collect, gather, crowd)

Prefixes: pari+ā

Root: kul

अन्तः (antaḥ) - referring to his inner state (inside, within, internal)

(indeclinable)

स (sa) - referring to the muni mentioned in previous verses (implied context) (he, that (one))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

खलु (khalu) - emphasizes the statement (indeed, certainly, surely)

(indeclinable)

ध्यानवृत्तिषु (dhyānavṛttiṣu) - referring to his sustained engagement in meditation (in meditative practices, in mental activities of meditation)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, plural of dhyānavṛtti

dhyānavṛtti - meditative practice, mental activity during meditation, state of meditation

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dhyāna+vṛtti)

• dhyāna – meditation, contemplation, thought
  noun (neuter)
  From root dhyai (to think, meditate)
  Root: dhyai (class 1)
• vṛtti – activity, function, mode of being, practice
  noun (feminine)
  From root vṛt (to be, exist, turn)
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

दरीषु (darīṣu) - referring to the physical location of his meditation (in caves, in grottoes)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, plural of darī

darī - cave, grotto, cavern

अन्वहम् (anvaham) - indicates the continuous nature of his practice (daily, day after day)

(indeclinable)

उग्रासु (ugrāsu) - describing the harsh or challenging nature of the caves (in dreadful, in formidable, in fierce)

(adjective)

Locative, feminine, plural of ugra

ugra - fierce, terrible, formidable, mighty, dreadful

वातमग्नः (vātamagnaḥ) - describing the tree as being severely affected by wind (wind-engulfed, immersed in wind, buffeted by wind)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vātamagna

vātamagna - wind-engulfed, immersed in wind, stricken by wind

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vāta+magna)

• vāta – wind, air
  noun (masculine)
• magna – immersed, plunged, sunken, overwhelmed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root majj (to sink, plunge)
  Root: majj (class 6)

इव (iva) - introduces a simile (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

द्रुमः (drumaḥ) - the object of comparison (tree)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of druma

druma - tree, wood