योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-10, verse-72

कल्पं विद्याधरो भूत्वा नद्यास्त्वथ महामुने ।
तपश्चरति ते पुत्रः समङ्गायास्तटे स्थितः ॥ ७२ ॥

kalpaṃ vidyādharo bhūtvā nadyāstvatha mahāmune ,
tapaścarati te putraḥ samaṅgāyāstaṭe sthitaḥ 72

72. kalpam vidyādharaḥ bhūtvā nadyāḥ tu atha mahāmune
tapaḥ carati te putraḥ samaṅgāyāḥ taṭe sthitaḥ

72. atha mahāmune te putraḥ kalpam vidyādharaḥ bhūtvā
nadyāḥ samaṅgāyāḥ taṭe sthitaḥ tu tapaḥ carati

72. And now, O great sage (mahāmune), your son, having become a Vidyādhara, stands on the bank of the river Samangā and practices austerity (tapas) for an entire cosmic age (kalpa).

Words meanings summery:

• कल्पम् (kalpam) - for an entire cosmic age (kalpa) (for an aeon, for a cosmic age)

• विद्याधरः (vidyādharaḥ) - a celestial being known as a Vidyādhara (knowledge-bearer, a class of celestial beings)

• भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become (having become, having been)

• नद्याः (nadyāḥ) - of the river (Samangā) (of the river)

• तु (tu) - and now (introducing a new development in the narrative) (but, indeed, however)

• अथ (atha) - now (in the narrative) (now, then, thereupon)

• महामुने (mahāmune) - O great sage (vocative) (O great sage)

• तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity (tapas) (penance, austerity, spiritual discipline)

• चरति (carati) - practices (penance) (performs, practices, moves, wanders)

• ते (te) - your (son) (your, by you (genitive/dative singular of `yuṣmad`))

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

• समङ्गायाः (samaṅgāyāḥ) - of the river Samangā (of Samangā (a river name))

• तटे (taṭe) - on the bank (of the river) (on the bank, on the shore)

• स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - standing (on the bank) (standing, situated, located)

Words meanings and morphology

कल्पम् (kalpam) - for an entire cosmic age (kalpa) (for an aeon, for a cosmic age)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kalpa

kalpa - aeon, cosmic age, measure of time, rule, sacred precept

From root `kḷp` (to be in order, to make).

Root: kḷp (class 10)

Note: Denotes duration of action.

विद्याधरः (vidyādharaḥ) - a celestial being known as a Vidyādhara (knowledge-bearer, a class of celestial beings)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidyādhara

vidyādhara - knowledge-bearer, a class of demi-gods or celestial beings endowed with magical powers

Compound. `vidyā` (knowledge, magic) + `dhara` (bearer, holder).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vidyā+dhara)

• vidyā – knowledge, learning, science, magic
  noun (feminine)
  From root `vid` (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)
• dhara – bearer, holder, carrying
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  From root `dhṛ` (to hold, bear) with `a` suffix.
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Predicate of `bhūtvā`.

भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having become (having become, having been)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root `bhū` (to be, become) with suffix `ktvā`.

Root: bhū (class 1)

नद्याः (nadyāḥ) - of the river (Samangā) (of the river)

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of nadī

nadī - river

Note: Qualifies `taṭe`.

तु (tu) - and now (introducing a new development in the narrative) (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

Particle.

अथ (atha) - now (in the narrative) (now, then, thereupon)

(indeclinable)

महामुने (mahāmune) - O great sage (vocative) (O great sage)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahāmuni

mahāmuni - great sage, great ascetic

Compound. `mahā` (great) + `muni` (sage).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+muni)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (masculine)
• muni – sage, ascetic, saint
  noun (masculine)

तपः (tapaḥ) - austerity (tapas) (penance, austerity, spiritual discipline)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - penance, austerity, heat, spiritual discipline, religious fervor

From root `tap` (to heat, suffer penance).

Root: tap (class 1)

चरति (carati) - practices (penance) (performs, practices, moves, wanders)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of car

Present Active

3rd person singular present active indicative.

Root: car (class 1)

ते (te) - your (son) (your, by you (genitive/dative singular of `yuṣmad`))

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Enclitic form of `yuṣmad` (you).

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - son

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

समङ्गायाः (samaṅgāyāḥ) - of the river Samangā (of Samangā (a river name))

(proper noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of samaṅgā

samaṅgā - Samangā (name of a river)

तटे (taṭe) - on the bank (of the river) (on the bank, on the shore)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of taṭa

taṭa - bank, shore, slope, edge

स्थितः (sthitaḥ) - standing (on the bank) (standing, situated, located)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sthita

sthita - standing, situated, located, firm, present

Past Passive Participle

From root `sthā` (to stand).

Root: sthā (class 1)

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