योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-10, verse-28

भोक्तारो हि वयं ब्रह्मन्भोजनं युष्मदादयः ।
स्वयं नियतिरेषा हि नावयोरेतदीहितम् ॥ २८ ॥

bhoktāro hi vayaṃ brahmanbhojanaṃ yuṣmadādayaḥ ,
svayaṃ niyatireṣā hi nāvayoretadīhitam 28

28. bhoktāraḥ hi vayam brahman bhojanam yuṣmad-ādayaḥ
svayam niyatiḥ eṣā hi na āvayoḥ etat īhitam

28. brahman hi vayam bhoktāraḥ yuṣmad-ādayaḥ bhojanam
eṣā hi svayam niyatiḥ etat āvayoḥ na īhitam

28. Indeed, O Brahmin, we are the enjoyers, and you and others are the food. This is natural law (niyati) itself; this is not our doing.

Words meanings summery:

• भोक्तारः (bhoktāraḥ) - enjoyers, consumers, experiencers

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

• वयम् (vayam) - we

• ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brahmin

• भोजनम् (bhojanam) - food, enjoyment, object of enjoyment

• युष्मद्-आदयः (yuṣmad-ādayaḥ) - you and others, those like you

• स्वयम् (svayam) - by oneself, spontaneously, naturally

• नियतिः (niyatiḥ) - natural law, destiny, fate

• एषा (eṣā) - this (feminine)

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

• न (na) - not, no

• आवयोः (āvayoḥ) - of us two, by us two

• एतत् (etat) - this (neuter)

• ईहितम् (īhitam) - desired, wished, striven for, doing

Words meanings and morphology

भोक्तारः (bhoktāraḥ) - enjoyers, consumers, experiencers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhoktṛ

bhoktṛ - enjoyer, consumer, experiencer

Agent noun

From root 'bhuj' (to enjoy/eat) with suffix '-tṛ'

Root: bhuj (class 7)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

वयम् (vayam) - we

(pronoun)

Nominative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

ब्रह्मन् (brahman) - O Brahmin

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - Brahmin, priest, the Absolute (brahman)

Root: bṛh (class 1)

भोजनम् (bhojanam) - food, enjoyment, object of enjoyment

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bhojana

bhojana - food, eating, object of enjoyment

From root 'bhuj' (to eat/enjoy)

Root: bhuj (class 7)

युष्मद्-आदयः (yuṣmad-ādayaḥ) - you and others, those like you

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yuṣmad-ādi

yuṣmad-ādi - you and the rest, those beginning with you

Compound type : tatpurusha (yuṣmad+ādi)

• yuṣmad – you (singular/plural)
  pronoun
• ādi – beginning, et cetera, and others
  noun (masculine)

स्वयम् (svayam) - by oneself, spontaneously, naturally

(indeclinable)

Note: Reflexive adverb.

नियतिः (niyatiḥ) - natural law, destiny, fate

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of niyati

niyati - destiny, fate, natural law

Prefix: ni

Root: yam (class 1)

एषा (eṣā) - this (feminine)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of etad

etad - this

Note: Agrees with 'niyatiḥ'.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for, because

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

आवयोः (āvayoḥ) - of us two, by us two

(pronoun)

Genitive, dual of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Can also be locative dual, but genitive fits context ('our doing').

एतत् (etat) - this (neuter)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this

Note: Refers to the prior statement.

ईहितम् (īhitam) - desired, wished, striven for, doing

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of īhita

īhita - desired, wished, act, deed

Past Passive Participle

From root 'īh' (to strive, desire) with suffix '-kta'

Root: īh (class 1)

Note: Literally 'that which is desired/striven for'. Here 'our doing'.

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