योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-10, verse-47

अयं देह इवात्रस्थमिदमङ्गमिदं शिरः ।
इदं स्फारविकारं तन्मन एवाभिधीयते ॥ ४७ ॥

ayaṃ deha ivātrasthamidamaṅgamidaṃ śiraḥ ,
idaṃ sphāravikāraṃ tanmana evābhidhīyate 47

47. ayam dehaḥ iva atra-stham idam aṅgam idam śiraḥ
idam sphāravikāram tat manaḥ eva abhidhīyate

47. ayam dehaḥ iva atra-stham idam aṅgam idam śiraḥ
idam sphāravikāram tat manaḥ eva abhidhīyate

47. Just as this body, with its parts like this limb and this head, is present here, so too, this extensive modification (vikāra) is indeed called the mind (manas).

Words meanings summery:

• अयम् (ayam) - Refers to the current body being discussed. (this)

• देहः (dehaḥ) - body, physical form

• इव (iva) - Introduces a comparison or analogy. (like, as, as if)

• अत्र-स्थम् (atra-stham) - Refers to the body being present in this world or specific location. (located here, present here)

• इदम् (idam) - Refers to 'aṅgam' (limb). (this)

• अङ्गम् (aṅgam) - limb, body part, constituent

• इदम् (idam) - Refers to 'śiraḥ' (head). (this)

• शिरः (śiraḥ) - head

• इदम् (idam) - Refers to the 'sphāravikāram' which is the mind. (this)

• स्फारविकारम् (sphāravikāram) - The mind is characterized by its vast and varied modifications (vikāra). (extensive modification, great change, expansive alteration)

• तत् (tat) - Emphasizes 'sphāravikāram' as the mind. (that)

• मनः (manaḥ) - mind, intellect

• एव (eva) - Emphasizes that this modification *is* the mind. (only, just, indeed)

• अभिधीयते (abhidhīyate) - is called, is named, is declared

Words meanings and morphology

अयम् (ayam) - Refers to the current body being discussed. (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

देहः (dehaḥ) - body, physical form

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of deha

deha - body, physical form, mass, bulk

From √dih (to smear, form)

Root: dih (class 1)

इव (iva) - Introduces a comparison or analogy. (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

अत्र-स्थम् (atra-stham) - Refers to the body being present in this world or specific location. (located here, present here)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of atrastha

atrastha - standing here, located here, present here

From atra (here) + stha (standing/located)

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (atra+stha)

• atra – here, in this place, on this occasion
  indeclinable
• stha – standing, staying, situated, located
  adjective
  suffix -stha from √sthā
  From √sthā (to stand)
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'idam' (this) referring to 'deha'.

इदम् (idam) - Refers to 'aṅgam' (limb). (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

अङ्गम् (aṅgam) - limb, body part, constituent

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of aṅga

aṅga - limb, body part, member, constituent, division

From √ag (to move tortuously) or √añj (to anoint)

Root: ag / añj (class 1)

इदम् (idam) - Refers to 'śiraḥ' (head). (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

शिरः (śiraḥ) - head

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śiras

śiras - head, skull, top, summit

इदम् (idam) - Refers to the 'sphāravikāram' which is the mind. (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

स्फारविकारम् (sphāravikāram) - The mind is characterized by its vast and varied modifications (vikāra). (extensive modification, great change, expansive alteration)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sphāravikāra

sphāravikāra - extensive modification, great change, expansive alteration

Compound type : karmadhāraya (sphāra+vikāra)

• sphāra – swelling, expanding, extensive, large, great
  adjective
  From √sphāy (to swell, increase)
  Root: sphāy (class 1)
• vikāra – change, alteration, modification (vikāra), transformation, mental affection
  noun (masculine)
  From vi- + √kr̥ (to make)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: kr̥ (class 8)

Note: Subject of 'abhidhīyate'.

तत् (tat) - Emphasizes 'sphāravikāram' as the mind. (that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it

मनः (manaḥ) - mind, intellect

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind (manas), intellect, understanding, conscience, thought

From root man (to think) + as (suffix)

Root: man (class 4)

एव (eva) - Emphasizes that this modification *is* the mind. (only, just, indeed)

(indeclinable)

अभिधीयते (abhidhīyate) - is called, is named, is declared

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of √dhā

Present Passive

Root dhā + ya + te (passive ending) with prefix abhi. The passive form dhīyate is irregular but standard.

Prefix: abhi

Root: dhā (class 3)

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