योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-4, chapter-10, verse-44

चतुरेण यथा साधो रथः सारथिनोह्यते ।
कुर्वता किंचन स्नेहाद्देहोऽयं मनसा तथा ॥ ४४ ॥

catureṇa yathā sādho rathaḥ sārathinohyate ,
kurvatā kiṃcana snehāddeho'yaṃ manasā tathā 44

44. catureṇa yathā sādho rathaḥ sārathinā uhyate
kurvatā kiñcana snehāt dehaḥ ayam manasā tathā

44. sādho yathā catureṇa sārathinā rathaḥ uhyate,
tathā kiñcana snehāt kurvatā manasā ayam dehaḥ (uhyate)

44. Just as, O virtuous one, a chariot (ratha) is borne by a skillful charioteer, so too, this physical body (deha) is carried by the mind (manas), which acts with some affection.

Words meanings summery:

• चतुरेण (catureṇa) - by a skillful charioteer (by a skillful one, by an able one)

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as

• साधो (sādho) - O virtuous one, O good one

• रथः (rathaḥ) - chariot

• सारथिना (sārathinā) - by a charioteer

• उह्यते (uhyate) - is driven (like a chariot) (is carried, is borne, is driven)

• कुर्वता (kurvatā) - by the mind doing (by doing, by making, by acting)

• किञ्चन (kiñcana) - something (action) (something, anything, a little)

• स्नेहात् (snehāt) - from affection, out of love

• देहः (dehaḥ) - this physical body (this body)

• अयम् (ayam) - this

• मनसा (manasā) - by the mind

• तथा (tathā) - so too, thus

Words meanings and morphology

चतुरेण (catureṇa) - by a skillful charioteer (by a skillful one, by an able one)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of catura

catura - skillful, clever, quick, able

Note: Agrees with `sārathinā`.

यथा (yathā) - just as, as

(indeclinable)

साधो (sādho) - O virtuous one, O good one

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sādhu

sādhu - good, virtuous, righteous; a good person, a sage

From root `sādh` (to accomplish, succeed).

Root: sādh (class 5)

रथः (rathaḥ) - chariot

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car, vehicle

From root `ram` (to delight), or `ṛ` (to go).

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Subject of the passive verb `uhyate`.

सारथिना (sārathinā) - by a charioteer

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sārathi

sārathi - charioteer, driver

From `sa-ratha` (with a chariot).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+ratha)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• ratha – chariot, car, vehicle
  noun (masculine)
  From root `ram` (to delight), or `ṛ` (to go).
  Root: ram (class 1)

उह्यते (uhyate) - is driven (like a chariot) (is carried, is borne, is driven)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present indicative (laṭ) of vah

present passive

Present passive indicative, 3rd person singular. Root `vah` (class 1) forms `uhyate` in passive.

Root: vah (class 1)

Note: Verb for `rathaḥ`.

कुर्वता (kurvatā) - by the mind doing (by doing, by making, by acting)

(participle)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of kṛ

kṛ - to do, to make, to act

Present Active Participle

Instrumental singular of `kurvat` (present participle of `kṛ`).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Used as an adjective/adverb modifying the agent `manasā`.

किञ्चन (kiñcana) - something (action) (something, anything, a little)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kiṃcana

kiṁcana - something, anything, a little, perhaps

Compound of `kim` (what) + `cana` (enclitic).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kim+cana)

• kim – what, which
  pronoun
• cana – even, also, if, any
  indeclinable

स्नेहात् (snehāt) - from affection, out of love

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of sneha

sneha - affection, love, oil, grease

From root `snih` (to be sticky, to love).

Root: snih (class 4)

Note: Indicates cause or origin.

देहः (dehaḥ) - this physical body (this body)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of deha

deha - body, physical form, person

From root `dih` (to anoint, smear), suggesting 'that which is built up or covered'.

Root: dih (class 1)

Note: Subject of the implied passive clause.

अयम् (ayam) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, here

Note: Agrees with `dehaḥ`.

मनसा (manasā) - by the mind

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, thought, consciousness

From root `man` (to think).

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Agent of the implied passive action of `uhyate`.

तथा (tathā) - so too, thus

(indeclinable)

Correlative to `yathā`.

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