वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-6, verse-1

तैर्वध्यमाना देवाश्च ऋषयश्च तपोधनाः ।
भयार्ताः शरणं जग्मुर्देवदेवं महेश्वरम् ॥१॥

1. tairvadhyamānā devāśca ṛṣayaśca tapodhanāḥ ,
bhayārtāḥ śaraṇaṃ jagmurdevadevaṃ maheśvaram.

1. taiḥ vadhyamānāḥ devāḥ ca ṛṣayaḥ ca tapodhanāḥ
bhayāratāḥ śaraṇam jagmuḥ devadevam maheśvaram

1. taiḥ vadhyamānāḥ devāḥ ca tapodhanāḥ ṛṣayaḥ ca
bhayāratāḥ devadevam maheśvaram śaraṇam jagmuḥ

1. Being tormented by them, the gods and the sages (muni) whose wealth was asceticism (tapas), afflicted by fear, sought refuge with the God of gods, Maheśvara.

Words meanings summery:

• तैः (taiḥ) - by them (masculine/neuter plural)

• वध्यमानाः (vadhyamānāḥ) - being killed, being oppressed/tormented

• देवाः (devāḥ) - gods, divine beings

• च (ca) - and

• ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - sages, seers (muni)

• च (ca) - and

• तपोधनाः (tapodhanāḥ) - sages whose primary asset is their ascetic merit (tapas) (whose wealth is asceticism, rich in penance)

• भयारताः (bhayāratāḥ) - distressed by fear, afraid, afflicted by fear

• शरणम् (śaraṇam) - refuge, protection

• जग्मुः (jagmuḥ) - they went, they approached

• देवदेवम् (devadevam) - God of gods, Lord of deities

• महेश्वरम् (maheśvaram) - an epithet of Shiva (Maheśvara, the great lord)

Words meanings and morphology

तैः (taiḥ) - by them (masculine/neuter plural)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

वध्यमानाः (vadhyamānāḥ) - being killed, being oppressed/tormented

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vadhyamāna

vadhyamāna - being killed, being slain, being tormented, being harassed

Present Passive Participle

From the root 'han' (to strike, kill), used as 'vadh' in passive forms, class 2

Root: han (class 2)

देवाः (devāḥ) - gods, divine beings

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

Root: div (class 4)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - sages, seers (muni)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet, saint (muni)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

तपोधनाः (tapodhanāḥ) - sages whose primary asset is their ascetic merit (tapas) (whose wealth is asceticism, rich in penance)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tapodhana

tapodhana - whose wealth is asceticism/penance; rich in ascetic merit (tapas)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (tapas+dhana)

• tapas – asceticism, penance, austerity
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tap (class 1)
• dhana – wealth, riches, property
  noun (neuter)
  Root: dhā (class 3)

भयारताः (bhayāratāḥ) - distressed by fear, afraid, afflicted by fear

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhayārta

bhayārta - afflicted by fear, terrified, fearful

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhaya+ārta)

• bhaya – fear, dread
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• ārta – afflicted, distressed, suffering
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From the root 'ṛ' (to go) or 'ard' (to torment)
  Root: ard (class 1)

शरणम् (śaraṇam) - refuge, protection

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śaraṇa

śaraṇa - refuge, shelter, protection, asylum

Root: śṛ (class 1)

जग्मुः (jagmuḥ) - they went, they approached

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of gam

Root: gam (class 1)

देवदेवम् (devadevam) - God of gods, Lord of deities

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of devadeva

devadeva - god of gods, lord of deities (an epithet of Shiva)

Compound type : shashthi-tatpurusha (deva+deva)

• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
  Root: div (class 4)
• deva – god, deity
  noun (masculine)
  Root: div (class 4)

महेश्वरम् (maheśvaram) - an epithet of Shiva (Maheśvara, the great lord)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of maheśvara

maheśvara - the great lord, Maheśvara (an epithet of Shiva)

Compound type : karmadharaya (mahā+īśvara)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• īśvara – lord, master, ruler, god
  noun (masculine)
  Root: īś (class 2)

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