वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-6, verse-27

अवध्या मम ते देवाः सुकेशतनया रणे ।
मन्त्रं तु वः प्रदास्यामि यो वै तान्निहनिष्यति ॥२७॥

27. avadhyā mama te devāḥ sukeśatanayā raṇe ,
mantraṃ tu vaḥ pradāsyāmi yo vai tānnihaniṣyati.

27. avadhyā mama te devāḥ sukeśatanayā raṇe mantram
tu vaḥ pradāsyāmi yaḥ vai tān nihaniṣyati

27. devāḥ,
te sukeśatanayā raṇe mama avadhyā (santi).
tu (aham) vaḥ mantram pradāsyāmi yaḥ vai tān nihaniṣyati

27. O gods, those sons of Sukeśa are not to be killed by me in battle. But I will give you a sacred utterance (mantra) that will indeed destroy them.

Words meanings summery:

• अवध्या (avadhyā) - not to be killed (by me) (not to be killed, inviolable)

• मम (mama) - by me (Śiva) (by me, my, of me)

• ते (te) - those (sons of Sukeśa) (those, they)

• देवाः (devāḥ) - O you gods (addressing the deities) (O gods)

• सुकेशतनया (sukeśatanayā) - the sons of the demon Sukeśa (the sons of Sukeśa)

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in war)

• मन्त्रम् (mantram) - a sacred utterance (mantra) (sacred utterance, hymn, spell, counsel)

• तु (tu) - but (introducing a contrast or continuation) (but, indeed, however)

• वः (vaḥ) - to you (gods) (to you, your)

• प्रदास्यामि (pradāsyāmi) - I will give (a mantra) (I will give)

• यः (yaḥ) - which (mantra) (who, which)

• वै (vai) - indeed (emphasizing certainty) (indeed, certainly)

• तान् (tān) - those (sons of Sukeśa) (those)

• निहनिष्यति (nihaniṣyati) - will destroy (them) (will kill, will destroy)

Words meanings and morphology

अवध्या (avadhyā) - not to be killed (by me) (not to be killed, inviolable)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of avadhya

avadhya - not to be killed, inviolable, immune from punishment

gerundive/future passive participle

From prefix 'a-' (negation) + root 'vadh' (to strike, kill) + suffix 'yat' (gerundive).

Prefix: a

Root: vadh (class 1)

मम (mama) - by me (Śiva) (by me, my, of me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of aham

aham - I, we (first person pronoun)

First person singular pronoun, genitive case (often used for agent with gerundives).

Note: Indicates the agent of the passive action 'not to be killed'.

ते (te) - those (sons of Sukeśa) (those, they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those (demonstrative pronoun)

Demonstrative pronoun, masculine nominative plural.

देवाः (devāḥ) - O you gods (addressing the deities) (O gods)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine

Root: div (class 4)

सुकेशतनया (sukeśatanayā) - the sons of the demon Sukeśa (the sons of Sukeśa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sukeśatanaya

sukeśatanaya - son of Sukeśa (Sukeśa is a rākṣasa king)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sukeśa+tanaya)

• sukeśa – Sukeśa (name of a rākṣasa king)
  proper noun (masculine)
• tanaya – son, child
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'tan' (to stretch, extend, produce)
  Root: tan (class 8)

Note: Subject of the sentence (they are not to be killed).

रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in war)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat, conflict

Root: raṇ (class 1)

मन्त्रम् (mantram) - a sacred utterance (mantra) (sacred utterance, hymn, spell, counsel)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mantra

mantra - sacred utterance, hymn, charm, spell, counsel, plan

From root 'man' (to think) + suffix 'tra' (instrument).

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Direct object of 'pradāsyāmi'.

तु (tu) - but (introducing a contrast or continuation) (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

वः (vaḥ) - to you (gods) (to you, your)

(pronoun)

Dative, plural of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (second person pronoun)

Second person plural pronoun, dative/genitive case. Here dative for 'to you'.

प्रदास्यामि (pradāsyāmi) - I will give (a mantra) (I will give)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of pradā

future

First person singular, future tense, active voice. Root 'dā' (to give) with prefix 'pra-'.

Prefix: pra

Root: dā (class 3)

यः (yaḥ) - which (mantra) (who, which)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

Relative pronoun, masculine nominative singular.

वै (vai) - indeed (emphasizing certainty) (indeed, certainly)

(indeclinable)

तान् (tān) - those (sons of Sukeśa) (those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those (demonstrative pronoun)

Demonstrative pronoun, masculine accusative plural.

निहनिष्यति (nihaniṣyati) - will destroy (them) (will kill, will destroy)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of nihan

future

Third person singular, future tense, active voice. Root 'han' (to strike, kill) with prefix 'ni-'.

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

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