वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-6, verse-11

ततस्ते जयशब्देन प्रतिनन्द्य महेश्वरम् ।
विष्णोः समीपमाजग्मुर्निशाचरभयार्दिताः ॥११॥

11. tataste jayaśabdena pratinandya maheśvaram ,
viṣṇoḥ samīpamājagmurniśācarabhayārditāḥ.

11. tataḥ te jayaśabdena pratinandya maheśvaram
viṣṇoḥ samīpam ājagmuḥ niśācarabhayārditāḥ

11. Thereupon, afflicted by fear of the night-roaming demons, they applauded Maheśvara (Shiva) with shouts of victory and approached Viṣṇu’s presence.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - thereupon, then, thereafter

• ते (te) - Referring to the gods (surāḥ). (they)

• जयशब्देन (jayaśabdena) - with a sound of victory, with a shout of triumph

• प्रतिनन्द्य (pratinandya) - having saluted, having applauded, having rejoiced at

• महेश्वरम् (maheśvaram) - Referring to Lord Shiva. (Maheśvara (an epithet of Shiva))

• विष्णोः (viṣṇoḥ) - of Viṣṇu

• समीपम् (samīpam) - Approached the presence of Viṣṇu. (vicinity, presence, proximity)

• आजग्मुः (ājagmuḥ) - they came, they went

• निशाचरभयार्दिताः (niśācarabhayārditāḥ) - afflicted by the fear of night-wanderers (demons)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - thereupon, then, thereafter

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - Referring to the gods (surāḥ). (they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those, he, she, it

जयशब्देन (jayaśabdena) - with a sound of victory, with a shout of triumph

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of jayaśabda

jayaśabda - sound of victory, shout of triumph

Compound of 'jaya' (victory) and 'śabda' (sound).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jaya+śabda)

• jaya – victory, triumph, conquest
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ji (class 1)
• śabda – sound, word, voice, cry
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śabd (class 1)

प्रतिनन्द्य (pratinandya) - having saluted, having applauded, having rejoiced at

(indeclinable)

Gerund (Absolutive)

Gerund from the root √nand (to rejoice, praise) with the prefix 'prati'.

Prefix: prati

Root: nand (class 1)

महेश्वरम् (maheśvaram) - Referring to Lord Shiva. (Maheśvara (an epithet of Shiva))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of maheśvara

maheśvara - Great Lord, Supreme Lord; an epithet of Shiva

Compound of 'mahā' (great) and 'īśvara' (lord).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+īśvara)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• īśvara – lord, master, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  From √īś (to rule, own).
  Root: īś (class 2)

विष्णोः (viṣṇoḥ) - of Viṣṇu

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of viṣṇu

viṣṇu - Viṣṇu (a principal Hindu deity)

Root: viṣ (class 3)

समीपम् (samīpam) - Approached the presence of Viṣṇu. (vicinity, presence, proximity)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of samīpa

samīpa - near, proximate, vicinity, presence

Derived from 'sa' (with) + 'īpa' (path, way).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+īpa)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• īpa – way, path
  noun (neuter)

आजग्मुः (ājagmuḥ) - they came, they went

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of gam

Perfect Tense

Perfect tense, 3rd person plural, active voice, from the root √gam (to go) with prefix 'ā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: gam (class 1)

निशाचरभयार्दिताः (niśācarabhayārditāḥ) - afflicted by the fear of night-wanderers (demons)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of niśācarabhayārdita

niśācarabhayārdita - afflicted by fear of night-wanderers/demons

Compound formed from 'niśācara' (night-wanderer/demon) + 'bhaya' (fear) + 'ardita' (afflicted).

Compound type : multiple tatpuruṣa (niśācara+bhaya+ardita)

• niśācara – night-wanderer, demon, goblin
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of 'niśā' (night) and 'cara' (wanderer, moving).
  Root: car (class 1)
• bhaya – fear, dread
  noun (neuter)
  From √bhī (to fear).
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• ardita – afflicted, tormented, oppressed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past Passive Participle from the root √ard (to torment, afflict).
  Root: ard (class 1)

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