वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-6, verse-43

लङ्काविपर्ययं दृष्ट्वा यानि लङ्कालयान्यथ ।
भूतानि भयदर्शीनि विमनस्कानि सर्वशः ॥४३॥

43. laṅkāviparyayaṃ dṛṣṭvā yāni laṅkālayānyatha ,
bhūtāni bhayadarśīni vimanaskāni sarvaśaḥ.

43. laṅkāviparyayaṃ dṛṣṭvā yāni laṅkālayāni atha
bhūtāni bhayadarśīni vimanaskāni sarvaśaḥ

43. laṅkāviparyayaṃ dṛṣṭvā atha yāni laṅkālayāni
bhayadarśīni bhūtāni sarvaśaḥ vimanaskāni

43. Having witnessed Laṅkā's ruin, all the fearful beings dwelling in Laṅkā then became utterly disheartened.

Words meanings summery:

• लङ्काविपर्ययं (laṅkāviparyayaṁ) - the overthrow/calamity of Lanka

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having perceived

• यानि (yāni) - which (neuter plural)

• लङ्कालयानि (laṅkālayāni) - dwelling in Lanka

• अथ (atha) - then, also, further

• भूतानि (bhūtāni) - the beings, the creatures

• भयदर्शीनि (bhayadarśīni) - seeing fear, fearful

• विमनस्कानि (vimanaskāni) - disheartened, dejected

• सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - entirely, in every way

Words meanings and morphology

लङ्काविपर्ययं (laṅkāviparyayaṁ) - the overthrow/calamity of Lanka

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of laṅkāviparyaya

laṅkāviparyaya - overthrow of Lanka, misfortune of Lanka, destruction of Lanka

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī tatpurusha (laṅkā+viparyaya)

• laṅkā – Lanka
  proper noun (feminine)
• viparyaya – reverse, inversion, calamity, overthrow, ruin
  noun (masculine)
  From 'pari-i' (to go around) with 'vi' (contrary).
  Prefixes: vi+pari
  Root: i (class 2)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, having perceived

(indeclinable)

absolutive (indeclinable past participle)

Formed with suffix -tvā.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

यानि (yāni) - which (neuter plural)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of yad

yad - which, what, that

Relative pronoun.

Note: Acts as a relative pronoun referring to 'bhūtāni'.

लङ्कालयानि (laṅkālayāni) - dwelling in Lanka

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of laṅkālaya

laṅkālaya - dwelling in Lanka, inhabitant of Lanka

Compound.

Compound type : saptamī tatpurusha (laṅkā+ālaya)

• laṅkā – Lanka
  proper noun (feminine)
• ālaya – dwelling, abode, house
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'lī' (to cling) with prefix 'ā'.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: lī (class 4)

अथ (atha) - then, also, further

(indeclinable)

भूतानि (bhūtāni) - the beings, the creatures

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of bhūta

bhūta - being, creature, element, past, happened

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root 'bhū' with suffix 'kta'.

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Refers to living beings.

भयदर्शीनि (bhayadarśīni) - seeing fear, fearful

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of bhayadarśin

bhayadarśin - seeing fear, perceiving fear, fearful

Compound. 'darśin' (seeing) from 'dṛś'.

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhaya+darśin)

• bhaya – fear, dread, apprehension
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'bhī' (to fear).
  Root: bhī (class 3)
• darśin – seeing, showing, one who sees
  adjective
  agent noun
  Formed from root 'dṛś' with suffix 'ṇini'.
  Root: dṛś (class 1)

विमनस्कानि (vimanaskāni) - disheartened, dejected

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, plural of vimanaska

vimanaska - disheartened, dejected, depressed, disturbed in mind

Compound. 'vi' (away/without) + 'manas' (mind) + 'ka' (suffix).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+manas)

• vi – away, apart, without, dis-
  indeclinable
• manas – mind, intellect, heart, soul
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'man' (to think).
  Root: man (class 4)

Note: Predicate adjective for 'bhūtāni'.

सर्वशः (sarvaśaḥ) - entirely, in every way

(indeclinable)

Formed with suffix -śaḥ (adverbial suffix).

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