वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-6, verse-14

लङ्का नाम पुरी दुर्गा त्रिकूटशिखरे स्थिता ।
तत्र स्थिताः प्रबाधन्ते सर्वान्नः क्षणदाचराः ॥१४॥

14. laṅkā nāma purī durgā trikūṭaśikhare sthitā ,
tatra sthitāḥ prabādhante sarvānnaḥ kṣaṇadācarāḥ.

14. laṅkā nāma purī durgā trikūṭaśikhare sthitā
tatra sthitāḥ prabādhante sarvān naḥ kṣaṇadācarāḥ

14. laṅkā nāma durgā purī trikūṭaśikhare sthitā
tatra sthitāḥ kṣaṇadācarāḥ naḥ sarvān prabādhante

14. A city named Laṅkā, a formidable fortress, is situated on the peak of Trikūṭa mountain. Those night-wanderers (Rākṣasas) who reside there harass all of us.

Words meanings summery:

• लङ्का (laṅkā) - Laṅkā (proper name of a city)

• नाम (nāma) - by name, named

• पुरी (purī) - city, town, fortress

• दुर्गा (durgā) - difficult to access, impenetrable, stronghold

• त्रिकूटशिखरे (trikūṭaśikhare) - on the peak of Trikūṭa mountain

• स्थिता (sthitā) - situated, located, standing

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• स्थिताः (sthitāḥ) - those who are situated / reside, dwelling

• प्रबाधन्ते (prabādhante) - they harass, they torment, they oppress

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - all, everyone

• नः (naḥ) - us

• क्षणदाचराः (kṣaṇadācarāḥ) - night-wanderers, Rākṣasas

Words meanings and morphology

लङ्का (laṅkā) - Laṅkā (proper name of a city)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of laṅkā

laṅkā - Laṅkā (name of the capital of Rāvaṇa)

Note: Subject of implied 'is'.

नाम (nāma) - by name, named

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially meaning "by name".

पुरी (purī) - city, town, fortress

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of purī

purī - city, town, fortress

Note: Predicate nominative for 'Laṅkā'.

दुर्गा (durgā) - difficult to access, impenetrable, stronghold

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of durga

durga - difficult to pass, difficult of access, inaccessible, fortress, stronghold

From 'dur' (difficult) + 'gam' (to go)

Prefix: dur

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'purī'.

त्रिकूटशिखरे (trikūṭaśikhare) - on the peak of Trikūṭa mountain

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of trikūṭaśikhara

trikūṭaśikhara - peak of Trikūṭa (mountain)

Compound: 'trikūṭa' (three-peaked mountain, proper noun) + 'śikhara' (peak)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (trikūṭa+śikhara)

• trikūṭa – Trikūṭa (proper name of a three-peaked mountain)
  proper noun (neuter)
  Compound of 'tri' (three) and 'kūṭa' (peak)
• śikhara – peak, summit, crest
  noun (neuter)

Note: Location of the city.

स्थिता (sthitā) - situated, located, standing

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sthita

sthita - standing, situated, located, being

Past Passive Participle

From root 'sthā' (to stand)

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'purī'.

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

From 'tad' + suffix 'tral'

स्थिताः (sthitāḥ) - those who are situated / reside, dwelling

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sthita

sthita - standing, situated, located, being

Past Passive Participle

From root 'sthā' (to stand)

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Functions as a noun here, referring to the 'kṣaṇadācarāḥ'.

प्रबाधन्ते (prabādhante) - they harass, they torment, they oppress

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (lat) of prabādh

present middle 3rd plural

From prefix 'pra-' and root 'bādh' (to oppress)

Prefix: pra

Root: bādh (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the second sentence.

सर्वान् (sarvān) - all, everyone

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Object of 'prabādhante'.

नः (naḥ) - us

(pronoun)

Accusative, plural of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Object of 'prabādhante'.

क्षणदाचराः (kṣaṇadācarāḥ) - night-wanderers, Rākṣasas

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṣaṇadācara

kṣaṇadācara - night-wanderer, demon, Rākṣasa

Compound: 'kṣaṇadā' (night) + 'cara' (wanderer)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṣaṇadā+cara)

• kṣaṇadā – night (literally 'moment-giver')
  noun (feminine)
• cara – moving, wandering, one who moves/wanders
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  From root 'car' (to move, wander)
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'prabādhante'.

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