वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-7, chapter-6, verse-42

त्यक्त्वा लङ्कां ततः सर्वे राक्षसा बलगर्विताः ।
प्रयाता देवलोकाय योद्धुं दैवतशत्रवः ॥४२॥

42. tyaktvā laṅkāṃ tataḥ sarve rākṣasā balagarvitāḥ ,
prayātā devalokāya yoddhuṃ daivataśatravaḥ.

42. tyaktvā laṅkām tataḥ sarve rākṣasāḥ balagarvitāḥ
prayātāḥ devalokāya yoddhuṃ daivataśatravaḥ

42. tataḥ sarve balagarvitāḥ daivataśatravaḥ rākṣasāḥ
laṅkām tyaktvā devalokāya yoddhuṃ prayātāḥ

42. Having abandoned Laṅkā, all those rākṣasas (demons), proud of their strength, then departed for the world of the gods to fight, as they were enemies of the gods.

Words meanings summery:

• त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned, having given up

• लङ्काम् (laṅkām) - Lanka (accusative case)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from there

• सर्वे (sarve) - all

• राक्षसाः (rākṣasāḥ) - the rākṣasas (demons)

• बलगर्विताः (balagarvitāḥ) - proud of their strength

• प्रयाताः (prayātāḥ) - departed, went forth

• देवलोकाय (devalokāya) - to the world of the gods

• योद्धुं (yoddhuṁ) - to fight

• दैवतशत्रवः (daivataśatravaḥ) - enemies of the gods

Words meanings and morphology

त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned, having given up

(indeclinable)

absolutive (indeclinable past participle)

Formed with suffix -tvā.

Root: tyaj (class 1)

लङ्काम् (laṅkām) - Lanka (accusative case)

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of laṅkā

laṅkā - Lanka (name of an island city, Ravaṇa's capital)

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from there

(indeclinable)

Ablative suffix -tas added to pronoun 'tad'.

Root: tad

सर्वे (sarve) - all

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Qualifies 'rākṣasāḥ'.

राक्षसाः (rākṣasāḥ) - the rākṣasas (demons)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - rākṣasa, demon, an evil being

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Subject of the verb 'prayātāḥ'.

बलगर्विताः (balagarvitāḥ) - proud of their strength

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of balagarvita

balagarvita - proud of strength, arrogant with power

Compound. 'garvita' (proud) from 'garv' (to be proud).

Compound type : tatpurusha (bala+garvita)

• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bal (class 1)
• garvita – proud, arrogant
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Formed from root 'garv' with suffix 'kta'.
  Root: garv (class 10)

Note: Qualifies 'rākṣasāḥ'.

प्रयाताः (prayātāḥ) - departed, went forth

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prayāta

prayāta - departed, gone forth, gone away

Past Passive Participle

Formed from root 'yā' with prefix 'pra' and suffix 'kta'.

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: Agreement with subject 'rākṣasāḥ'.

देवलोकाय (devalokāya) - to the world of the gods

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of devaloka

devaloka - world of gods, heaven

Compound type : tatpurusha (deva+loka)

• deva – god, deity, divine
  noun (masculine)
  Root: div (class 4)
• loka – world, realm, people
  noun (masculine)
  Root: lok (class 10)

योद्धुं (yoddhuṁ) - to fight

(indeclinable)

infinitive

Formed with suffix -tum.

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Expresses purpose.

दैवतशत्रवः (daivataśatravaḥ) - enemies of the gods

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of daivataśatru

daivataśatru - enemy of the gods

Compound type : tatpurusha (daivata+śatru)

• daivata – divine, relating to gods, deity
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from 'deva'.
  Root: div (class 4)
• śatru – enemy, foe, rival
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śad (class 1)

Note: Predicate for the 'rākṣasāḥ'.

Previous Verse Next Verse