वाल्मीकि-रामायणम् vālmīki-rāmāyaṇam - book-5, chapter-37, verse-38

अहं तावदिह प्राप्तः किं पुनस्ते महाबलाः ।
न हि प्रकृष्टाः प्रेष्यन्ते प्रेष्यन्ते हीतरे जनाः ॥३८॥

38. ahaṃ tāvadiha prāptaḥ kiṃ punaste mahābalāḥ ,
na hi prakṛṣṭāḥ preṣyante preṣyante hītare janāḥ.

38. aham tāvat iha prāptaḥ kim punaḥ te mahābalāḥ na
hi prakṛṣṭāḥ preṣyante preṣyante hi itare janāḥ

38. I have arrived here; what then of those exceedingly powerful ones? Indeed, the most distinguished are not dispatched, but rather, others are sent.

Words meanings summery:

• अहम् (aham) - I

• तावत् (tāvat) - at least, indeed (meanwhile, so much, thus, indeed)

• इह (iha) - here (in Laṅkā) (here, in this place)

• प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - arrived (arrived, reached, obtained)

• किम् (kim) - what, why

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, moreover, then

• ते (te) - those powerful ones (other monkeys) (they, those)

• महाबलाः (mahābalāḥ) - greatly powerful, very strong

• न (na) - not

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, surely

• प्रकृष्टाः (prakṛṣṭāḥ) - the most excellent, distinguished ones

• प्रेष्यन्ते (preṣyante) - are sent, are dispatched

• प्रेष्यन्ते (preṣyante) - are sent, are dispatched

• हि (hi) - indeed, for, surely

• इतरे (itare) - the others, the rest

• जनाः (janāḥ) - people, persons

Words meanings and morphology

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of aham

aham - I

First person singular pronoun

Note: Subject.

तावत् (tāvat) - at least, indeed (meanwhile, so much, thus, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'tad' with suffix 'vat'

इह (iha) - here (in Laṅkā) (here, in this place)

(indeclinable)

प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - arrived (arrived, reached, obtained)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāpta

prāpta - obtained, reached, arrived

Past Passive Participle

From 'pra-' + root 'āp' (to obtain, reach)

Prefixes: pra+ā

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Predicate for 'aham'.

किम् (kim) - what, why

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, who, which

Interrogative pronoun

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, moreover, then

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - those powerful ones (other monkeys) (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Demonstrative pronoun, masculine nominative plural

Note: Subject of implied verb.

महाबलाः (mahābalāḥ) - greatly powerful, very strong

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahābala

mahābala - very powerful, of great strength

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+bala)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)
  Root: bal (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'te'.

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

Negation particle

हि (hi) - indeed, for, surely

(indeclinable)

Emphatic/causal particle

Note: Explanatory particle.

प्रकृष्टाः (prakṛṣṭāḥ) - the most excellent, distinguished ones

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prakṛṣṭa

prakṛṣṭa - excellent, distinguished, eminent

Past Passive Participle

From 'pra-' + root 'kṛṣ' (to draw forth, excel)

Prefix: pra

Root: kṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'preṣyante'.

प्रेष्यन्ते (preṣyante) - are sent, are dispatched

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, present (laṭ) of pra-iṣ

Present Passive

3rd person plural present passive indicative, from 'pra-' + root 'iṣ' (to go, to send)

Prefix: pra

Root: iṣ (class 6)

प्रेष्यन्ते (preṣyante) - are sent, are dispatched

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, present (laṭ) of pra-iṣ

Present Passive

3rd person plural present passive indicative, from 'pra-' + root 'iṣ' (to go, to send)

Prefix: pra

Root: iṣ (class 6)

हि (hi) - indeed, for, surely

(indeclinable)

Emphatic/causal particle

Note: Explanatory particle.

इतरे (itare) - the others, the rest

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of itara

itara - other, different

Pronominal adjective, masculine nominative plural

Note: Subject of 'preṣyante'.

जनाः (janāḥ) - people, persons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jana

jana - person, people, creature

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Acts as the noun modified by 'itare'.