मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-45, verse-53
द्विगुणो जायते वायुस्तस्य स्पर्शो गुणो मतः ।
रूपन्तथैवाविशतः शब्दस्पर्शगुणावुभौ ॥५३॥
रूपन्तथैवाविशतः शब्दस्पर्शगुणावुभौ ॥५३॥
53. dviguṇo jāyate vāyustasya sparśo guṇo mataḥ .
rūpantathaivāviśataḥ śabdasparśaguṇāvubhau.
rūpantathaivāviśataḥ śabdasparśaguṇāvubhau.
53.
dviguṇaḥ jāyate vāyuḥ tasya sparśaḥ guṇaḥ mataḥ
rūpaṃ tathā eva āviśataḥ śabdasparśaguṇau ubhau
rūpaṃ tathā eva āviśataḥ śabdasparśaguṇau ubhau
53.
Air (vāyu) is born with two qualities; touch is considered its (defining) quality. Similarly, for that which acquires form (rūpa), it possesses both the qualities of sound and touch.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- द्विगुणः (dviguṇaḥ) - possessing two qualities (sound and touch) (twofold, double, having two qualities)
- जायते (jāyate) - is born, arises, becomes
- वायुः (vāyuḥ) - air, wind, the element air
- तस्य (tasya) - its (referring to vāyu) (its, his, of that)
- स्पर्शः (sparśaḥ) - the subtle element of touch (touch, contact, sensation of touch)
- गुणः (guṇaḥ) - quality, attribute, property
- मतः (mataḥ) - considered, believed, opined
- रूपं (rūpaṁ) - the subtle element of form (rūpatanmātra) (form, appearance, color, sight, beauty, subtle element of form)
- तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly
- एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, exactly
- आविशतः (āviśataḥ) - for that which acquires (form), referring to the next element (fire) (of one who enters/pervades)
- शब्दस्पर्शगुणौ (śabdasparśaguṇau) - the two qualities of sound and touch
- उभौ (ubhau) - both (masculine/neuter dual)
Words meanings and morphology
द्विगुणः (dviguṇaḥ) - possessing two qualities (sound and touch) (twofold, double, having two qualities)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of dviguṇa
dviguṇa - twofold, double, having two qualities, multiplied by two
Compound: dvi (two) + guṇa (quality)
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dvi+guṇa)
- dvi – two
numeral - guṇa – quality, attribute, constituent of nature, string, secondary quality
noun (masculine)
Note: Qualifies vāyuḥ
जायते (jāyate) - is born, arises, becomes
(verb)
3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of jan
passive voice
Ātmanepada, present indicative, passive voice, 3rd person singular
Root: jan (class 4)
वायुः (vāyuḥ) - air, wind, the element air
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vāyu
vāyu - air, wind, the element air, a deity (Vāyu)
Root: vā (class 2)
Note: Subject of jāyate
तस्य (tasya) - its (referring to vāyu) (its, his, of that)
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, it, he, she
Note: Possessive for vāyuḥ
स्पर्शः (sparśaḥ) - the subtle element of touch (touch, contact, sensation of touch)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of sparśa
sparśa - touch, contact, sensation of touch, subtle element of touch (sparśatanmātra)
derived from root spṛś (to touch)
Root: spṛś (class 6)
गुणः (guṇaḥ) - quality, attribute, property
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of guṇa
guṇa - quality, attribute, property, virtue, merit, constituent of nature
मतः (mataḥ) - considered, believed, opined
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of mata
mata - thought, considered, believed, opined, agreed upon
Past Passive Participle
from root man (to think)
Root: man (class 4)
Note: Predicative adjective for sparśaḥ guṇaḥ
रूपं (rūpaṁ) - the subtle element of form (rūpatanmātra) (form, appearance, color, sight, beauty, subtle element of form)
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of rūpa
rūpa - form, shape, appearance, color, beauty, subtle element of form (rūpatanmātra)
Note: Here used as a quality that is acquired by the next element (agni).
तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly
(indeclinable)
एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, exactly
(indeclinable)
आविशतः (āviśataḥ) - for that which acquires (form), referring to the next element (fire) (of one who enters/pervades)
(participle)
Genitive, masculine, singular of āviśat
āviśat - entering, pervading, taking possession of
Present Active Participle
Present Active Participle from root viś with prefix ā
Prefix: ā
Root: viś (class 6)
Note: Refers to the next element (agni) which 'enters into' or 'is characterized by' rūpa (form).
शब्दस्पर्शगुणौ (śabdasparśaguṇau) - the two qualities of sound and touch
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, dual of śabdasparśaguṇa
śabdasparśaguṇa - the quality of sound and touch
Dvandva compound: śabda (sound) and sparśa (touch) as qualities.
Compound type : dvandva (śabda+sparśa+guṇa)
- śabda – sound, word, noise
noun (masculine) - sparśa – touch, contact, sensation of touch
noun (masculine)
Root: spṛś (class 6) - guṇa – quality, attribute, property
noun (masculine)
Note: Dual form, referring to 'both sound and touch qualities'.
उभौ (ubhau) - both (masculine/neuter dual)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, dual of ubha
ubha - both
Note: Qualifies śabdasparśaguṇau