मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-45, verse-39
महता चावृतः सोऽपि यथाव्यरक्तेन वै महान् ।
भूतादिस्तु विकुर्वाणः शब्दतन्मात्रकन्ततः ॥३९॥
भूतादिस्तु विकुर्वाणः शब्दतन्मात्रकन्ततः ॥३९॥
39. mahatā cāvṛtaḥ so'pi yathāvyaraktena vai mahān .
bhūtādistu vikurvāṇaḥ śabdatanmātrakantataḥ.
bhūtādistu vikurvāṇaḥ śabdatanmātrakantataḥ.
39.
mahatā ca āvṛtaḥ saḥ api yathā avyaktena vai mahān
bhūtādiḥ tu vikurvāṇaḥ śabdatanmātrakaṃ tataḥ
bhūtādiḥ tu vikurvāṇaḥ śabdatanmātrakaṃ tataḥ
39.
And that [ego (ahaṅkāra)] is also enveloped by the Great (mahat), just as the Great (mahat) itself was indeed enveloped by the unmanifest (avyakta). But the bhūtādi [aspect of ego], undergoing modifications, then produces the subtle element (tanmātra) of sound (śabda).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- महता (mahatā) - By the Mahat principle (cosmic intellect) which preceded ego. (by the Great, by the vast)
- च (ca) - and, also
- आवृतः (āvṛtaḥ) - covered, enveloped, surrounded
- सः (saḥ) - Refers to the ahaṅkāra (ego) from the previous verse. (that, he)
- अपि (api) - also, even, too
- यथा (yathā) - just as, as, in which way
- अव्यक्तेन (avyaktena) - By the primordial unmanifest nature (avyakta) in Sāṅkhya philosophy. (by the unmanifest, by the unevolved)
- वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, surely
- महान् (mahān) - Referring to the Mahat principle (cosmic intellect) in Sāṅkhya philosophy. (the Great, the vast, the significant)
- भूतादिः (bhūtādiḥ) - The bhūtādi aspect of ahaṅkāra, from which the subtle elements originate. (origin of elements, primal element)
- तु (tu) - but, however, indeed
- विकुर्वाणः (vikurvāṇaḥ) - modifying, transforming, altering
- शब्दतन्मात्रकं (śabdatanmātrakaṁ) - The specific subtle element (tanmātra) associated with sound (śabda). (the subtle element of sound)
- ततः (tataḥ) - From the bhūtādi aspect of ego. (from that, then, thereupon)
Words meanings and morphology
महता (mahatā) - By the Mahat principle (cosmic intellect) which preceded ego. (by the Great, by the vast)
(noun)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of mahat
mahat - great, large, vast, the Great principle (cosmic intellect)
Note: Here used as a substantive noun referring to the Mahat principle.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
आवृतः (āvṛtaḥ) - covered, enveloped, surrounded
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of āvṛta
āvṛta - covered, enveloped, surrounded
Past Passive Participle
From root vṛ (to cover) with prefix ā.
Prefix: ā
Root: vṛ (class 5)
सः (saḥ) - Refers to the ahaṅkāra (ego) from the previous verse. (that, he)
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of tad
tad - that, it, he, she
अपि (api) - also, even, too
(indeclinable)
यथा (yathā) - just as, as, in which way
(indeclinable)
अव्यक्तेन (avyaktena) - By the primordial unmanifest nature (avyakta) in Sāṅkhya philosophy. (by the unmanifest, by the unevolved)
(adjective)
Instrumental, neuter, singular of avyakta
avyakta - unmanifest, unevolved, invisible
Negated past passive participle of root vyañj (to manifest).
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vyakta)
- a – not, non-, un-
indeclinable
Negative prefix. - vyakta – manifested, clear, visible
adjective (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
From root vyañj (to manifest) with prefix vi.
Prefix: vi
Root: vyañj (class 7)
Note: Used here substantively to refer to the unmanifested principle (prakṛti).
वै (vai) - indeed, certainly, surely
(indeclinable)
महान् (mahān) - Referring to the Mahat principle (cosmic intellect) in Sāṅkhya philosophy. (the Great, the vast, the significant)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of mahat
mahat - great, large, vast, the Great principle (cosmic intellect)
Note: Here used as a substantive noun referring to the Mahat principle, which often takes masculine forms in Sāṅkhya texts when personified or treated as an entity.
भूतादिः (bhūtādiḥ) - The bhūtādi aspect of ahaṅkāra, from which the subtle elements originate. (origin of elements, primal element)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of bhūtādi
bhūtādi - origin of elements, primal element
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhūta+ādi)
- bhūta – element, being, creature, past
noun (neuter)
Past Passive Participle
From root bhū (to be).
Root: bhū (class 1) - ādi – beginning, origin, first
noun (masculine)
Note: Used here substantively.
तु (tu) - but, however, indeed
(indeclinable)
विकुर्वाणः (vikurvāṇaḥ) - modifying, transforming, altering
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of vikurvāṇa
vikurvāṇa - modifying, transforming, altering, changing
Present Middle Participle
From root kṛ (to do, make) with prefix vi (change, apart).
Prefix: vi
Root: kṛ (class 8)
Note: Used here substantively, or as an adjective modifying 'bhūtādiḥ'.
शब्दतन्मात्रकं (śabdatanmātrakaṁ) - The specific subtle element (tanmātra) associated with sound (śabda). (the subtle element of sound)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of śabdatanmātraka
śabdatanmātraka - subtle element of sound
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śabda+tanmātraka)
- śabda – sound, word
noun (masculine) - tanmātraka – subtle element, merely that
noun (neuter)
From tad (that) + mātra (measure, mere) + ka (suffix).
ततः (tataḥ) - From the bhūtādi aspect of ego. (from that, then, thereupon)
(indeclinable)