मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-45, verse-32
प्रधानं कारणं यत्तदव्यक्ताख्यं महर्षयः ।
यदाहुः प्रकृतिं सूक्ष्मां नित्यां सदसदात्मिकाम् ॥३२॥
यदाहुः प्रकृतिं सूक्ष्मां नित्यां सदसदात्मिकाम् ॥३२॥
32. pradhānaṃ kāraṇaṃ yattadavyaktākhyaṃ maharṣayaḥ .
yadāhuḥ prakṛtiṃ sūkṣmāṃ nityāṃ sadasadātmikām.
yadāhuḥ prakṛtiṃ sūkṣmāṃ nityāṃ sadasadātmikām.
32.
pradhānaṃ kāraṇaṃ yat tat avyaktākhyaṃ maharṣayaḥ
yat āhuḥ prakṛtiṃ sūkṣmāṃ nityāṃ sadasadātmikām
yat āhuḥ prakṛtiṃ sūkṣmāṃ nityāṃ sadasadātmikām
32.
The great sages refer to that primary cause, known as the Unmanifest (avyakta), as the subtle, eternal nature (prakṛti), which inherently comprises both existent and non-existent aspects.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- प्रधानं (pradhānaṁ) - chief, principal, primary
- कारणं (kāraṇaṁ) - cause, reason, instrument
- यत् (yat) - which, that
- तत् (tat) - that
- अव्यक्ताख्यं (avyaktākhyaṁ) - named the unmanifest, called avyakta
- महर्षयः (maharṣayaḥ) - great sages
- यत् (yat) - which, that (relative pronoun)
- आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they call
- प्रकृतिं (prakṛtiṁ) - nature, fundamental substance
- सूक्ष्मां (sūkṣmāṁ) - subtle, minute, fine
- नित्यां (nityāṁ) - eternal, constant, perpetual
- सदसदात्मिकाम् (sadasadātmikām) - consisting of both existent and non-existent, whose nature is being and non-being
Words meanings and morphology
प्रधानं (pradhānaṁ) - chief, principal, primary
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of pradhāna
pradhāna - chief, principal, primary; chief constituent; important
कारणं (kāraṇaṁ) - cause, reason, instrument
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of kāraṇa
kāraṇa - cause, reason, motive, instrument
From root √kṛ (to do) with suffix -ana.
Root: √kṛ (class 8)
यत् (yat) - which, that
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of yad
yad - which, that (relative pronoun)
Note: Refers to 'kāraṇaṃ'.
तत् (tat) - that
(pronoun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of tad
tad - that (demonstrative pronoun)
Note: Refers to 'kāraṇaṃ'.
अव्यक्ताख्यं (avyaktākhyaṁ) - named the unmanifest, called avyakta
(adjective)
Accusative, neuter, singular of avyaktākhya
avyaktākhya - named 'the unmanifest'
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (avyakta+ākhya)
- avyakta – unmanifest, unperceived, undeveloped
adjective (neuter)
Past Passive Participle (from a + vi + añj)
Negation 'a' of 'vyakta' (manifest).
Prefix: vi
Root: √añj (class 7) - ākhya – named, called
adjective (neuter)
Gerundive
From root √khyā (to be known, tell) with prefix 'ā'.
Prefix: ā
Root: √khyā (class 2)
महर्षयः (maharṣayaḥ) - great sages
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of maharṣi
maharṣi - great sage
Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ṛṣi)
- mahā – great, large, mighty
adjective - ṛṣi – sage, seer
noun (masculine)
यत् (yat) - which, that (relative pronoun)
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of yad
yad - which, that (relative pronoun)
Note: Refers to the entire preceding phrase as the object of 'āhuḥ'.
आहुः (āhuḥ) - they say, they call
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of ah
Irregular root, often suppl. by forms of √brū or √vac.
Root: √ah (class 2)
प्रकृतिं (prakṛtiṁ) - nature, fundamental substance
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of prakṛti
prakṛti - nature, original form, source, primal matter (prakṛti)
From pra + √kṛ (to make).
Prefix: pra
Root: √kṛ (class 8)
सूक्ष्मां (sūkṣmāṁ) - subtle, minute, fine
(adjective)
Accusative, feminine, singular of sūkṣma
sūkṣma - subtle, minute, fine, delicate
नित्यां (nityāṁ) - eternal, constant, perpetual
(adjective)
Accusative, feminine, singular of nitya
nitya - eternal, constant, perpetual, regular
सदसदात्मिकाम् (sadasadātmikām) - consisting of both existent and non-existent, whose nature is being and non-being
(adjective)
Accusative, feminine, singular of sadasadātmika
sadasadātmika - whose nature is existence and non-existence, consisting of existent and non-existent
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sat+asat+ātmika)
- sat – existent, being, real
adjective (neuter)
Present Active Participle
Present participle of √as (to be).
Root: √as (class 2) - asat – non-existent, non-being, unreal
adjective (neuter)
Present Active Participle (negated)
Negation 'a' of 'sat'.
Root: √as (class 2) - ātmika – having the nature of, consisting of, pertaining to the self
adjective (feminine)
From ātman + ika (suffix for 'pertaining to').