मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-22, verse-42
शोचतां बान्धवानां ये निः श्वसन्तोऽतिदुः खिताः ।
म्रियन्ते व्याधिना क्लिष्टास्तेषां माता वृथाप्रजा ॥४२॥
म्रियन्ते व्याधिना क्लिष्टास्तेषां माता वृथाप्रजा ॥४२॥
42. śocatāṃ bāndhavānāṃ ye niḥ śvasanto'tiduḥ khitāḥ .
mriyante vyādhinā kliṣṭāsteṣāṃ mātā vṛthāprajā.
mriyante vyādhinā kliṣṭāsteṣāṃ mātā vṛthāprajā.
42.
śocatām bāndhavānām ye niḥ śvasantaḥ atiduḥkhitāḥ
mriyante vyādhinā kliṣṭāḥ teṣām mātā vṛthāprajā
mriyante vyādhinā kliṣṭāḥ teṣām mātā vṛthāprajā
42.
The mother of those who die afflicted by disease, sighing and exceedingly distressed while their relatives grieve, has given birth in vain.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- शोचताम् (śocatām) - of those grieving, of those sorrowing
- बान्धवानाम् (bāndhavānām) - of relatives, of kinsfolk
- ये (ye) - who, those who
- निः श्वसन्तः (niḥ śvasantaḥ) - sighing, breathing out
- अतिदुःखिताः (atiduḥkhitāḥ) - exceedingly distressed, greatly afflicted
- म्रियन्ते (mriyante) - they die
- व्याधिना (vyādhinā) - by disease, by sickness
- क्लिष्टाः (kliṣṭāḥ) - afflicted, pained, distressed
- तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, their
- माता (mātā) - mother
- वृथाप्रजा (vṛthāprajā) - having useless offspring, having born children in vain
Words meanings and morphology
शोचताम् (śocatām) - of those grieving, of those sorrowing
(participle)
Genitive, plural of śocat
śocat - grieving, sorrowing, lamenting
Present Active Participle
Derived from the root √śuc (to grieve, sorrow, lament), class 1.
Root: śuc (class 1)
Note: Modifies 'bāndhavānām'
बान्धवानाम् (bāndhavānām) - of relatives, of kinsfolk
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of bāndhava
bāndhava - relative, kinsman, friend
ये (ye) - who, those who
(pronoun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of yad
yad - who, which, what
Note: Refers to the unspecified 'children' of the mother.
निः श्वसन्तः (niḥ śvasantaḥ) - sighing, breathing out
(participle)
Nominative, masculine, plural of niḥ śvasant
niḥ śvasant - sighing, breathing out, lamenting
Present Active Participle
Derived from the root √śvas (to breathe, sigh) with the prefix nis-.
Prefix: nis
Root: śvas (class 2)
Note: Describes the state of those who die.
अतिदुःखिताः (atiduḥkhitāḥ) - exceedingly distressed, greatly afflicted
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of atiduḥkhita
atiduḥkhita - exceedingly distressed, greatly pained, severely afflicted
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ati+duḥkhita)
- ati – exceedingly, very, beyond
indeclinable - duḥkhita – distressed, pained, afflicted
participle
Past Passive Participle
Derived from the root √duḥkh (to suffer, to cause pain).
Root: duḥkh (class 10)
Note: Describes the state of those who die.
म्रियन्ते (mriyante) - they die
(verb)
3rd person , plural, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of mṛ
Root: mṛ (class 6)
व्याधिना (vyādhinā) - by disease, by sickness
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, singular of vyādhi
vyādhi - disease, sickness, ailment
क्लिष्टाः (kliṣṭāḥ) - afflicted, pained, distressed
(participle)
Nominative, masculine, plural of kliṣṭa
kliṣṭa - afflicted, distressed, tormented, suffering
Past Passive Participle
Derived from the root √kliś (to suffer, be afflicted), class 4.
Root: kliś (class 4)
Note: Describes the state of those who die.
तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, their
(pronoun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of tad
tad - that, this, he, she, it
Note: Refers to the children who die.
माता (mātā) - mother
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of mātṛ
mātṛ - mother
वृथाप्रजा (vṛthāprajā) - having useless offspring, having born children in vain
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of vṛthāprajā
vṛthāprajā - having useless progeny, whose offspring are in vain, having given birth fruitlessly
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vṛthā+prajā)
- vṛthā – in vain, uselessly, fruitlessly
indeclinable - prajā – offspring, progeny, children
noun (feminine)