मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-22, verse-2
अश्वमेनं समारुह्य प्रातः प्रातर्दिने दिने ।
अबाधा द्विजमुख्यानामन्वेष्टव्या सदैव हि ॥२॥
अबाधा द्विजमुख्यानामन्वेष्टव्या सदैव हि ॥२॥
2. aśvamenaṃ samāruhya prātaḥ prātardine dine .
abādhā dvijamukhyānāmanveṣṭavyā sadaiva hi.
abādhā dvijamukhyānāmanveṣṭavyā sadaiva hi.
2.
aśvam enam samāruhya prātaḥ prātaḥ dine dine
abādhā dvijamukhyānām anveṣṭavyā sadā eva hi
abādhā dvijamukhyānām anveṣṭavyā sadā eva hi
2.
Mounting this horse, he should, every morning and every day, always investigate and ensure that there is no disturbance to the chief Brahmins (dvijamukhya).
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- अश्वम् (aśvam) - horse
- एनम् (enam) - this
- समारुह्य (samāruhya) - having mounted, having ascended
- प्रातः (prātaḥ) - in the morning, early morning
- प्रातः (prātaḥ) - repetition indicates 'every morning' (in the morning, early morning)
- दिने (dine) - in the day, on the day
- दिने (dine) - repetition indicates 'every day' (in the day, on the day)
- अबाधा (abādhā) - non-hindrance, absence of disturbance, safety
- द्विजमुख्यानाम् (dvijamukhyānām) - of the chief Brahmins, of the prominent twice-born
- अन्वेष्टव्या (anveṣṭavyā) - should be sought, should be investigated, should be looked after
- सदा (sadā) - always, perpetually
- एव (eva) - indeed, only, just
- हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for
Words meanings and morphology
अश्वम् (aśvam) - horse
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of aśva
aśva - horse, steed
एनम् (enam) - this
(pronoun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of ena
ena - this
समारुह्य (samāruhya) - having mounted, having ascended
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
Derived from root 'ruh' with prefixes 'sam' and 'ā'
Prefixes: sam+ā
Root: ruh (class 1)
प्रातः (prātaḥ) - in the morning, early morning
(indeclinable)
प्रातः (prātaḥ) - repetition indicates 'every morning' (in the morning, early morning)
(indeclinable)
दिने (dine) - in the day, on the day
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of dina
dina - day, daylight
दिने (dine) - repetition indicates 'every day' (in the day, on the day)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of dina
dina - day, daylight
अबाधा (abādhā) - non-hindrance, absence of disturbance, safety
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of abādhā
abādhā - non-hindrance, absence of disturbance, safety, freedom from suffering
Compound of 'a' (negation) and 'bādhā'.
Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+bādhā)
- a – not, non-
indeclinable
Prefix indicating negation - bādhā – hindrance, obstruction, trouble, oppression
noun (feminine)
From root 'bādh' (to oppress, distress)
Root: bādh (class 1)
द्विजमुख्यानाम् (dvijamukhyānām) - of the chief Brahmins, of the prominent twice-born
(noun)
Genitive, masculine, plural of dvijamukhya
dvijamukhya - chief of the twice-born, principal Brahmin
Tatpuruṣa compound: 'chief of the dvijas'
Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (dvija+mukhya)
- dvija – twice-born (Brahmin, Kṣatriya, Vaiśya); bird; tooth
noun (masculine)
Compound 'dvi' (two) + 'ja' (born). Refers to the three upper varṇas, or literally, entities born twice (e.g., teeth, birds hatched from eggs). In context, refers to Brahmins.
Root: jan (class 4) - mukhya – chief, principal, primary, foremost
adjective (masculine)
Derived from 'mukha' (face, mouth, front part)
अन्वेष्टव्या (anveṣṭavyā) - should be sought, should be investigated, should be looked after
(adjective)
Nominative, feminine, singular of anveṣṭavya
anveṣṭavya - to be sought, to be investigated, to be looked for
Gerundive (kṛtya pratyaya)
Formed with suffix '-tavya' from the root 'iṣ' (to seek) with prefix 'anu'
Prefix: anu
Root: iṣ (class 4)
Note: Agrees in gender and number with 'abādhā'.
सदा (sadā) - always, perpetually
(indeclinable)
एव (eva) - indeed, only, just
(indeclinable)
हि (hi) - indeed, surely, for
(indeclinable)