महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-24, verse-8

बहवोऽत्र भृशं विद्धा मुह्यमाना महारथाः ।
निष्टनन्तः स्म दृश्यन्ते पार्थबाणहता नराः ॥८॥

8. bahavo'tra bhṛśaṁ viddhā muhyamānā mahārathāḥ ,
niṣṭanantaḥ sma dṛśyante pārthabāṇahatā narāḥ.

8. bahavaḥ atra bhṛśam viddhāḥ muhyamānāḥ mahārathāḥ
niṣṭanantaḥ sma dṛśyante pārthabāṇahatāḥ narāḥ

8. atra bahavaḥ bhṛśam viddhāḥ muhyamānāḥ mahārathāḥ
pārthabāṇahatāḥ narāḥ niṣṭanantaḥ sma dṛśyante

8. Here, many warriors (mahārathāḥ) were seen, severely wounded and fainting, groaning, struck by Arjuna's (Pārtha) arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many, numerous

• अत्र (atra) - here, in this place

• भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, exceedingly, severely

• विद्धाः (viddhāḥ) - pierced, wounded, struck

• मुह्यमानाः (muhyamānāḥ) - fainting, bewildered, losing consciousness

• महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great warriors

• निष्टनन्तः (niṣṭanantaḥ) - groaning, roaring, wailing

• स्म (sma) - (turns present tense verb into past tense)

• दृश्यन्ते (dṛśyante) - they are seen

• पार्थबाणहताः (pārthabāṇahatāḥ) - struck by Arjuna's arrows

• नराः (narāḥ) - men, people, warriors

Words meanings and morphology

बहवः (bahavaḥ) - many, numerous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - much, many, numerous

Note: Refers to mahārathāḥ and narāḥ.

अत्र (atra) - here, in this place

(indeclinable)

भृशम् (bhṛśam) - greatly, exceedingly, severely

(indeclinable)

can also be an adverbial accusative of bhṛśa (much, strong)

विद्धाः (viddhāḥ) - pierced, wounded, struck

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of viddha

viddha - pierced, struck, wounded

Past Passive Participle

from root vyadh (to pierce, strike)

Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with mahārathāḥ and narāḥ.

मुह्यमानाः (muhyamānāḥ) - fainting, bewildered, losing consciousness

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of muhyamāna

muhyamāna - fainting, bewildered, deluded, becoming unconscious

Present Middle Participle

from root muh (to be bewildered, faint)

Root: muh (class 4)

Note: Agrees with mahārathāḥ and narāḥ.

महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great warriors

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - a great warrior (one capable of fighting 10,000 archers)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, warrior (who fights from a chariot)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

निष्टनन्तः (niṣṭanantaḥ) - groaning, roaring, wailing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of niṣṭanat

niṣṭanat - groaning, roaring, wailing

Present Active Participle

from prefix ni + root stan (to thunder, groan)

Prefix: ni

Root: stan (class 1)

Note: Agrees with mahārathāḥ and narāḥ.

स्म (sma) - (turns present tense verb into past tense)

(indeclinable)

दृश्यन्ते (dṛśyante) - they are seen

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, present (rendered past by sma) (Laṭ) of dṛś

Present Passive

3rd person plural, present tense, passive voice

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: The ya in dṛśya indicates passive voice.

पार्थबाणहताः (pārthabāṇahatāḥ) - struck by Arjuna's arrows

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pārthabāṇahata

pārthabāṇahata - struck by Arjuna's arrows

Compound type : tatpurusha (pārtha+bāṇa+hata)

• pārtha – son of Pṛthā (Arjuna)
  proper noun (masculine)
  patronymic of Pṛthā
• bāṇa – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• hata – struck, killed, wounded
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root han (to strike, kill)
  Root: han (class 2)

Note: Agrees with mahārathāḥ and narāḥ.

नराः (narāḥ) - men, people, warriors

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nara

nara - man, human being, warrior

Note: Subject of the sentence.