महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-9, chapter-24, verse-50
धृष्टद्युम्नादहं मुक्तः कथंचिच्छ्रान्तवाहनः ।
पतितो माधवानीकं दुष्कृती नरकं यथा ।
तत्र युद्धमभूद्घोरं मुहूर्तमतिदारुणम् ॥५०॥
पतितो माधवानीकं दुष्कृती नरकं यथा ।
तत्र युद्धमभूद्घोरं मुहूर्तमतिदारुणम् ॥५०॥
50. dhṛṣṭadyumnādahaṁ muktaḥ kathaṁcicchrāntavāhanaḥ ,
patito mādhavānīkaṁ duṣkṛtī narakaṁ yathā ,
tatra yuddhamabhūdghoraṁ muhūrtamatidāruṇam.
patito mādhavānīkaṁ duṣkṛtī narakaṁ yathā ,
tatra yuddhamabhūdghoraṁ muhūrtamatidāruṇam.
50.
dhṛṣṭadyumnāt aham muktaḥ kathaṃcit
śrānta-vāhanaḥ patitaḥ mādhava-anīkam
duṣkṛtī narakam yathā tatra
yuddham abhūt ghoram muhūrtam ati-dāruṇam
śrānta-vāhanaḥ patitaḥ mādhava-anīkam
duṣkṛtī narakam yathā tatra
yuddham abhūt ghoram muhūrtam ati-dāruṇam
50.
aham śrānta-vāhanaḥ dhṛṣṭadyumnāt
kathaṃcit muktaḥ mādhava-anīkam patitaḥ
yathā duṣkṛtī narakam tatra ghoram
ati-dāruṇam yuddham muhūrtam abhūt
kathaṃcit muktaḥ mādhava-anīkam patitaḥ
yathā duṣkṛtī narakam tatra ghoram
ati-dāruṇam yuddham muhūrtam abhūt
50.
I, somehow freed from Dhṛṣṭadyumna with my chariot-steeds exhausted, fell into Mādhava's army, just as a wicked person falls into hell. There, for a moment, an exceedingly fierce and terrible battle raged.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- धृष्टद्युम्नात् (dhṛṣṭadyumnāt) - from Dhṛṣṭadyumna
- अहम् (aham) - I
- मुक्तः (muktaḥ) - freed, released, liberated
- कथंचित् (kathaṁcit) - somehow, with difficulty, by some means
- श्रान्त-वाहनः (śrānta-vāhanaḥ) - with my chariot-steeds exhausted (one whose vehicle/steeds are tired/exhausted)
- पतितः (patitaḥ) - fallen, descended
- माधव-अनीकम् (mādhava-anīkam) - Sātyaki's army (Mādhava being an epithet for Sātyaki or Kṛṣṇa) (Mādhava's army)
- दुष्कृती (duṣkṛtī) - a wicked person, evil-doer
- नरकम् (narakam) - hell, Hades
- यथा (yathā) - as, just as, like
- तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place
- युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, war, fight
- अभूत् (abhūt) - was, happened, occurred
- घोरम् (ghoram) - terrible, dreadful, fierce
- मुहूर्तम् (muhūrtam) - for a moment, for an instant
- अति-दारुणम् (ati-dāruṇam) - extremely fierce, exceedingly dreadful
Words meanings and morphology
धृष्टद्युम्नात् (dhṛṣṭadyumnāt) - from Dhṛṣṭadyumna
(proper noun)
Ablative, masculine, singular of dhṛṣṭadyumna
dhṛṣṭadyumna - Dhṛṣṭadyumna (son of Drupada, general of the Pāṇḍava army)
अहम् (aham) - I
(pronoun)
Nominative, singular of asmad
asmad - I, we
मुक्तः (muktaḥ) - freed, released, liberated
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of mukta
mukta - freed, released, discharged, liberated
Past Passive Participle
Derived from the root muc.
Root: muc (class 6)
कथंचित् (kathaṁcit) - somehow, with difficulty, by some means
(indeclinable)
श्रान्त-वाहनः (śrānta-vāhanaḥ) - with my chariot-steeds exhausted (one whose vehicle/steeds are tired/exhausted)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of śrānta-vāhana
śrānta-vāhana - one whose vehicle or steed is tired/worn out
Compound type : bahuvrihi (śrānta+vāhana)
- śrānta – tired, weary, exhausted
adjective (masculine)
Past Passive Participle
Derived from the root śram.
Root: śram (class 4) - vāhana – vehicle, carriage, steed, mount
noun (neuter)
पतितः (patitaḥ) - fallen, descended
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, singular of patita
patita - fallen, descended, thrown down
Past Passive Participle
Derived from the root pat.
Root: pat (class 1)
माधव-अनीकम् (mādhava-anīkam) - Sātyaki's army (Mādhava being an epithet for Sātyaki or Kṛṣṇa) (Mādhava's army)
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of mādhava-anīka
mādhava-anīka - the army of Mādhava
Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (mādhava+anīka)
- mādhava – descendant of Madhu; an epithet for Kṛṣṇa or Sātyaki
proper noun (masculine) - anīka – army, host, troop
noun (neuter)
दुष्कृती (duṣkṛtī) - a wicked person, evil-doer
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, singular of duṣkṛtin
duṣkṛtin - an evil-doer, wicked person, sinner
नरकम् (narakam) - hell, Hades
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of naraka
naraka - hell, the infernal regions, Tartarus
यथा (yathā) - as, just as, like
(indeclinable)
तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place
(indeclinable)
युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, war, fight
(noun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha
yuddha - battle, fight, war, combat
अभूत् (abhūt) - was, happened, occurred
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of bhū
Root: bhū (class 1)
घोरम् (ghoram) - terrible, dreadful, fierce
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of ghora
ghora - terrible, dreadful, frightful, fierce, awful
मुहूर्तम् (muhūrtam) - for a moment, for an instant
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of muhūrta
muhūrta - a moment, an instant; a specific division of time (48 minutes)
Note: Used as an adverbial accusative to denote duration.
अति-दारुणम् (ati-dāruṇam) - extremely fierce, exceedingly dreadful
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of ati-dāruṇa
ati-dāruṇa - extremely fierce, excessively cruel, very dreadful
Compound type : karmadhāraya (ati+dāruṇa)
- ati – over, beyond, excessively, very
indeclinable - dāruṇa – fierce, dreadful, terrible, cruel, harsh
adjective (neuter)