महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-24, verse-55

अश्वत्थामा कृपश्चैव कृतवर्मा च सात्वतः ।
अपश्यन्तो रथानीके दुर्योधनमरिंदमम् ।
राजानं मृगयामासुस्तव पुत्रं महारथम् ॥५५॥

55. aśvatthāmā kṛpaścaiva kṛtavarmā ca sātvataḥ ,
apaśyanto rathānīke duryodhanamariṁdamam ,
rājānaṁ mṛgayāmāsustava putraṁ mahāratham.

55. aśvatthāmā kṛpaḥ ca eva kṛtavarmā
ca sātvataḥ apaśyantaḥ rathānīke
duryodhanam arimdamam rājānam
mṛgayām āsuḥ tava putram mahāratham

55. aśvatthāmā kṛpaḥ ca eva kṛtavarmā
ca sātvataḥ rathānīke arimdamam
rājānam tava putram mahāratham
duryodhanam apaśyantaḥ mṛgayām āsuḥ

55. Aśvatthāmā, Kṛpa, and Kṛtavarmā, the Sātvata, not seeing King Duryodhana—your son, a great chariot-fighter, and a subduer of enemies—in the chariot division, searched for him.

Words meanings summery:

• अश्वत्थामा (aśvatthāmā) - The son of Droṇa (Aśvatthāmā)

• कृपः (kṛpaḥ) - Kṛpācārya, the royal teacher (Kṛpa)

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• कृतवर्मा (kṛtavarmā) - Kṛtavarmā

• च (ca) - and

• सात्वतः (sātvataḥ) - An epithet for Kṛtavarmā, indicating his lineage (a descendant of Sātvata)

• अपश्यन्तः (apaśyantaḥ) - not seeing, failing to see

• रथानीके (rathānīke) - in the chariot division/army

• दुर्योधनम् (duryodhanam) - The eldest son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Duryodhana)

• अरिम्दमम् (arimdamam) - subduer of enemies

• राजानम् (rājānam) - king

• मृगयाम् (mṛgayām) - hunt, search

• आसुः (āsuḥ) - They searched (for Duryodhana) (they were, they did (in the context of mṛgayām āsuḥ: they searched/hunted))

• तव (tava) - referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (your)

• पुत्रम् (putram) - Duryodhana, son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (son)

• महारथम् (mahāratham) - An epithet for Duryodhana, meaning he is a great warrior capable of fighting many foes simultaneously (great chariot-fighter, great warrior)

Words meanings and morphology

अश्वत्थामा (aśvatthāmā) - The son of Droṇa (Aśvatthāmā)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aśvatthāmā

aśvatthāmā - Aśvatthāmā (proper name)

कृपः (kṛpaḥ) - Kṛpācārya, the royal teacher (Kṛpa)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛpa

kṛpa - Kṛpa (proper name)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

कृतवर्मा (kṛtavarmā) - Kṛtavarmā

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtavarman

kṛtavarman - Kṛtavarman (proper name)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

सात्वतः (sātvataḥ) - An epithet for Kṛtavarmā, indicating his lineage (a descendant of Sātvata)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sātvata

sātvata - descendant of Sātvata, a member of the Yadu tribe

अपश्यन्तः (apaśyantaḥ) - not seeing, failing to see

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of apaśyat

apaśyat - not seeing, unseeing

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'dṛś' (to see) with negative prefix 'a-' and participle suffix '-at'

Root: dṛś (class 1)

रथानीके (rathānīke) - in the chariot division/army

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of rathānīka

rathānīka - chariot division, chariot army

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+anīka)

• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• anīka – army, host, division
  noun (neuter)

दुर्योधनम् (duryodhanam) - The eldest son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Duryodhana)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of duryodhana

duryodhana - Duryodhana (proper name)

अरिम्दमम् (arimdamam) - subduer of enemies

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of arimdama

arimdama - subduer of enemies

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (ari+dam)

• ari – enemy
  noun (masculine)
• dam – subduing, taming
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'dam' (to subdue)
  Root: dam (class 4)

राजानम् (rājānam) - king

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign

मृगयाम् (mṛgayām) - hunt, search

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mṛgayā

mṛgayā - hunting, pursuit, search

Note: Often used with 'as' (to be) to form a verb phrase for 'to hunt/search'.

आसुः (āsuḥ) - They searched (for Duryodhana) (they were, they did (in the context of mṛgayām āsuḥ: they searched/hunted))

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of as

Perfect Active

3rd person plural, Perfect Active form

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Used idiomatically with 'mṛgayām' to mean 'to search' or 'to hunt'.

तव (tava) - referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (your)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

पुत्रम् (putram) - Duryodhana, son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (son)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

महारथम् (mahāratham) - An epithet for Duryodhana, meaning he is a great warrior capable of fighting many foes simultaneously (great chariot-fighter, great warrior)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - great chariot-fighter, great warrior (one who can fight 10,000 archers simultaneously)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, warrior (chariot-borne)
  noun (masculine)