महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-97, verse-40

अम्बष्ठैश्च कुणिन्दैश्च क्षिप्तां क्षिप्तां स सात्यकिः ।
नाराचैः प्रतिविव्याध प्रेक्षमाणो महाबलः ॥४०॥

40. ambaṣṭhaiśca kuṇindaiśca kṣiptāṁ kṣiptāṁ sa sātyakiḥ ,
nārācaiḥ prativivyādha prekṣamāṇo mahābalaḥ.

40. ambaṣṭhaiḥ ca kuṇindaiḥ ca kṣiptām kṣiptām saḥ
sātyakiḥ nārācaiḥ prativivyādha prekṣamāṇaḥ mahābalaḥ

40. saḥ mahābalaḥ sātyakiḥ prekṣamāṇaḥ ambaṣṭhaiḥ ca
kuṇindaiḥ ca kṣiptām kṣiptām nārācaiḥ prativivyādha

40. And by the Ambaṣṭhas and Kuṇindas – each time such a shower was thrown – that mighty Sātyaki, observing, pierced it with arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• अम्बष्ठैः (ambaṣṭhaiḥ) - by members of the ancient Ambaṣṭha tribe or people (by the Ambaṣṭhas)

• च (ca) - and, also

• कुणिन्दैः (kuṇindaiḥ) - by members of the ancient Kuṇinda tribe or people (by the Kuṇindas)

• च (ca) - and, also

• क्षिप्ताम् (kṣiptām) - referring to the shower of stones from the previous verse (thrown, cast, hurled)

• क्षिप्ताम् (kṣiptām) - repetition indicates 'each time it was thrown' (thrown, cast, hurled)

• सः (saḥ) - referring to Sātyaki (he, that)

• सात्यकिः (sātyakiḥ) - Sātyaki, a Vṛṣṇi hero and charioteer of Kṛṣṇa (Sātyaki)

• नाराचैः (nārācaiḥ) - with arrows, with iron arrows

• प्रतिविव्याध (prativivyādha) - Sātyaki pierced the thrown stones (he pierced, he struck back, he counter-pierced)

• प्रेक्षमाणः (prekṣamāṇaḥ) - Sātyaki observing the shower of stones (observing, watching, looking on)

• महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - describing Sātyaki (very powerful, mighty, of great strength)

Words meanings and morphology

अम्बष्ठैः (ambaṣṭhaiḥ) - by members of the ancient Ambaṣṭha tribe or people (by the Ambaṣṭhas)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ambaṣṭha

ambaṣṭha - name of an ancient Indian tribe or people

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

कुणिन्दैः (kuṇindaiḥ) - by members of the ancient Kuṇinda tribe or people (by the Kuṇindas)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kuṇinda

kuṇinda - name of an ancient Indian tribe or people

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

क्षिप्ताम् (kṣiptām) - referring to the shower of stones from the previous verse (thrown, cast, hurled)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kṣipta

kṣipta - thrown, cast, hurled, sent, discharged

Past Passive Participle

From root kṣip (क्षिप्) 'to throw', past passive participle in feminine accusative singular.

Root: kṣip (class 6)

क्षिप्ताम् (kṣiptām) - repetition indicates 'each time it was thrown' (thrown, cast, hurled)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kṣipta

kṣipta - thrown, cast, hurled, sent, discharged

Past Passive Participle

From root kṣip (क्षिप्) 'to throw', past passive participle in feminine accusative singular. Repetition for emphasis.

Root: kṣip (class 6)

सः (saḥ) - referring to Sātyaki (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

सात्यकिः (sātyakiḥ) - Sātyaki, a Vṛṣṇi hero and charioteer of Kṛṣṇa (Sātyaki)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sātyaki

sātyaki - name of a Vṛṣṇi hero, Kṛṣṇa's charioteer and warrior

नाराचैः (nārācaiḥ) - with arrows, with iron arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of nārāca

nārāca - iron arrow, missile, dart

प्रतिविव्याध (prativivyādha) - Sātyaki pierced the thrown stones (he pierced, he struck back, he counter-pierced)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of prativivyadh

Perfect tense (liṭ) 3rd person singular active.

Prefixes: prati+vi

Root: vyadh (class 4)

प्रेक्षमाणः (prekṣamāṇaḥ) - Sātyaki observing the shower of stones (observing, watching, looking on)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prekṣamāṇa

prekṣamāṇa - looking, observing, seeing, watching

Present Middle Participle

From root īkṣ (ईक्ष्) 'to see' with prefix pra (प्र), present participle in middle voice, masculine nominative singular.

Prefixes: pra+īkṣ

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - describing Sātyaki (very powerful, mighty, of great strength)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - of great strength, very powerful, mighty

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+bala)

• mahat – great, large, mighty, powerful
  adjective
• bala – strength, power, force
  noun (neuter)