महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-97, verse-19

तत्राद्भुतमपश्याम शैनेयचरितं महत् ।
यदेको बहुभिः सार्धमसंभ्रान्तमयुध्यत ॥१९॥

19. tatrādbhutamapaśyāma śaineyacaritaṁ mahat ,
yadeko bahubhiḥ sārdhamasaṁbhrāntamayudhyata.

19. tatra adbhutam apaśyāma śaineyacaritam mahat
yat ekaḥ bahubhiḥ sārdham asaṃbhrāntam ayudhyata

19. tatra mahat adbhutam śaineyacaritam apaśyāma
yat ekaḥ bahubhiḥ sārdham asaṃbhrāntam ayudhyata

19. There, we witnessed the great and astonishing feat of Śaineya, who, all by himself, fought undaunted against many.

Words meanings summery:

• तत्र (tatra) - in that place/situation (of battle) (there, then)

• अद्भुतम् (adbhutam) - astonishing (wonderful, amazing, astonishing)

• अपश्याम (apaśyāma) - we saw

• शैनेयचरितम् (śaineyacaritam) - the heroic deed of Satyaki (the deed/exploit of Śaineya (Satyaki))

• महत् (mahat) - great (great, mighty, large)

• यत् (yat) - that (introducing a clause) (that, which, because)

• एकः (ekaḥ) - all by himself (one, alone, single)

• बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - against many (enemies) (by many, with many)

• सार्धम् (sārdham) - against (in the context of fighting) (with, together with, accompanied by)

• असंभ्रान्तम् (asaṁbhrāntam) - undaunted (undaunted, unperplexed, unconfused)

• अयुध्यत (ayudhyata) - he fought

Words meanings and morphology

तत्र (tatra) - in that place/situation (of battle) (there, then)

(indeclinable)

formed from 'tad' (that) + 'tral' suffix

अद्भुतम् (adbhutam) - astonishing (wonderful, amazing, astonishing)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of adbhuta

adbhuta - wonderful, amazing, surprising, extraordinary

Note: modifies 'caritam'

अपश्याम (apaśyāma) - we saw

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of dṛś

Imperfect Tense

Root 'dṛś', class 1, changes to 'paśya' in present/imperfect stem. Imperfect active 1st plural.

Prefix: a

Root: dṛś (class 1)

शैनेयचरितम् (śaineyacaritam) - the heroic deed of Satyaki (the deed/exploit of Śaineya (Satyaki))

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śaineyacarita

śaineyacarita - deed/exploit of Śaineya

compound of 'Śaineya' and 'carita'

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (śaineya+carita)

• śaineya – descendant of Śini; Satyaki
  proper noun (masculine)
  patronymic from Śini
• carita – deed, action, conduct, behavior
  noun (neuter)
  from root 'car' (to move, to act)
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: object of 'apaśyāma'

महत् (mahat) - great (great, mighty, large)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, vast, important

Present Active Participle

present active participle of 'mah' (to be great)

Root: mah (class 1)

Note: modifies 'śaineyacaritam'

यत् (yat) - that (introducing a clause) (that, which, because)

(indeclinable)

Note: conjunction

एकः (ekaḥ) - all by himself (one, alone, single)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, single, alone, unique

numeral/pronoun

Note: subject of 'ayudhyata'

बहुभिः (bahubhiḥ) - against many (enemies) (by many, with many)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - much, many, numerous

Note: used with 'sārdham'

सार्धम् (sārdham) - against (in the context of fighting) (with, together with, accompanied by)

(indeclinable)

adverbial form of 'sārdha'

असंभ्रान्तम् (asaṁbhrāntam) - undaunted (undaunted, unperplexed, unconfused)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of asaṃbhrānta

asaṁbhrānta - undaunted, fearless, unconfused, unperplexed

Past Passive Participle

Negative prefix 'a' + 'saṃbhrānta' (from 'sam' + root 'bhram' + past participle suffix 'kta').

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+saṃbhrānta)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• saṃbhrānta – confused, perplexed, agitated
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root 'bhram' (to wander, to be confused) with prefix 'sam'
  Prefix: sam
  Root: bhram (class 1)

Note: used adverbially, describing the manner of fighting.

अयुध्यत (ayudhyata) - he fought

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of yudh

Imperfect Tense

Root 'yudh', class 4, imperfect middle 3rd singular. The 'a' prefix indicates imperfect tense.

Root: yudh (class 4)