महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-97, verse-4

कथं च मम पुत्राणां जीवतां तत्र संजय ।
शैनेयोऽभिययौ युद्धे तन्ममाचक्ष्व तत्त्वतः ॥४॥

4. kathaṁ ca mama putrāṇāṁ jīvatāṁ tatra saṁjaya ,
śaineyo'bhiyayau yuddhe tanmamācakṣva tattvataḥ.

4. kathaṃ ca mama putrāṇām jīvatām tatra saṃjaya
śaineyaḥ abhiyayau yuddhe tat mama ācakṣva tattvataḥ

4. ca saṃjaya,
tatra mama jīvatām putrāṇām (satsu) śaineyaḥ yuddhe kathaṃ abhiyayau? tat mama tattvataḥ ācakṣva.

4. And how, Saṃjaya, while my sons were still living there, did Śaineya (Sātyaki) advance in battle? Tell me that truly.

Words meanings summery:

• कथम् (katham) - how? in what manner?

• च (ca) - and, also

• मम (mama) - my, of me

• पुत्राणाम् (putrāṇām) - of sons

• जीवताम् (jīvatām) - of those living, while living

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• संजय (saṁjaya) - O Saṃjaya

• शैनेयः (śaineyaḥ) - Śaineya (Sātyaki)

• अभिययौ (abhiyayau) - he approached, he advanced, he went towards

• युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in war

• तत् (tat) - that

• मम (mama) - to me, for me

• आचक्ष्व (ācakṣva) - tell, relate

• तत्त्वतः (tattvataḥ) - truly, in truth, in reality

Words meanings and morphology

कथम् (katham) - how? in what manner?

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of aham

aham - I, me

पुत्राणाम् (putrāṇām) - of sons

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son, child

जीवताम् (jīvatām) - of those living, while living

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of jīvat

jīvat - living, alive

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'jīv'.

Root: jīv (class 1)

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

संजय (saṁjaya) - O Saṃjaya

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Saṃjaya (proper name, Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer and narrator)

शैनेयः (śaineyaḥ) - Śaineya (Sātyaki)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śaineya

śaineya - Śaineya (patronymic of Sātyaki, son of Śini)

अभिययौ (abhiyayau) - he approached, he advanced, he went towards

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of i

Root: i (class 2)

युद्धे (yuddhe) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

तत् (tat) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

मम (mama) - to me, for me

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of aham

aham - I, me

Note: Used as dative or genitive of possession.

आचक्ष्व (ācakṣva) - tell, relate

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of cakṣ

Root: cakṣ (class 2)

तत्त्वतः (tattvataḥ) - truly, in truth, in reality

(indeclinable)