महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-97, verse-18

तांश्च संचोदयन्सर्वान्घ्नतैनमिति भारत ।
दुःशासनो महाराज सात्यकिं पर्यवारयत् ॥१८॥

18. tāṁśca saṁcodayansarvānghnatainamiti bhārata ,
duḥśāsano mahārāja sātyakiṁ paryavārayat.

18. tān ca saṃcodayan sarvān ghnata enam iti bhārata
duḥśāsanaḥ mahārāja sātyakim paryavārayat

18. bhārata mahārāja duḥśāsanaḥ tān sarvān enam
ghnata iti ca saṃcodayan sātyakim paryavārayat

18. And inciting all of them with the cry, "Kill him!" O Bhārata, Duḥśāsana, O great king, surrounded Satyaki.

Words meanings summery:

• तान् (tān) - all of them (referring to the warriors/soldiers) (them, those)

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• संचोदयन् (saṁcodayan) - inciting (inciting, urging, instigating)

• सर्वान् (sarvān) - all of them (all, every)

• घ्नत (ghnata) - "Kill!" (an order to multiple people) (kill (you plural))

• एनम् (enam) - him (Śaineya/Satyaki) (him, this one)

• इति (iti) - thus (indicating the end of direct speech) (thus, so, indicating quoted speech)

• भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (a common address in the Mahābhārata, here likely Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O Bhārata, O descendant of Bharata)

• दुःशासनः (duḥśāsanaḥ) - Duḥśāsana (Duḥśāsana (proper name))

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

• सात्यकिम् (sātyakim) - Satyaki (Satyaki (proper name))

• पर्यवारयत् (paryavārayat) - surrounded (he surrounded, encompassed)

Words meanings and morphology

तान् (tān) - all of them (referring to the warriors/soldiers) (them, those)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of saṃcodayan.

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

संचोदयन् (saṁcodayan) - inciting (inciting, urging, instigating)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃcodayat

saṁcodayat - inciting, urging, instigating

Present Active Participle

Derived from root cud (to urge) with upasarga sam, in the causative form. Causative stem codayati.

Prefix: sam

Root: cud (class 10)

Note: Modifies duḥśāsanaḥ.

सर्वान् (sarvān) - all of them (all, every)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Modifies tān.

घ्नत (ghnata) - "Kill!" (an order to multiple people) (kill (you plural))

(verb)

2nd person , plural, active, imperative (loṭ) of han

Irregular root, presents as hanti, ghnanti, etc.

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Quoted speech.

एनम् (enam) - him (Śaineya/Satyaki) (him, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, that, he, she, it

Pronominal stem, used for near demonstrative or for previous reference.

Note: Object of ghnata.

इति (iti) - thus (indicating the end of direct speech) (thus, so, indicating quoted speech)

(indeclinable)

भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (a common address in the Mahābhārata, here likely Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O Bhārata, O descendant of Bharata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata, a king (often Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

Patronymic from Bharata.

दुःशासनः (duḥśāsanaḥ) - Duḥśāsana (Duḥśāsana (proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duḥśāsana

duḥśāsana - Duḥśāsana (name of a Kaurava prince, lit. "hard to rule")

Compound of dus (difficult) and śāsana (ruling, commanding)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dus+śāsana)

• dus – bad, difficult, evil
  indeclinable
• śāsana – ruling, commanding, discipline, instruction
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root śās (to rule, instruct)
  Root: śās (class 2)

Note: Subject of paryavārayat.

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king, emperor

Compound of mahā (great) and rāja (king)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, mighty
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj

सात्यकिम् (sātyakim) - Satyaki (Satyaki (proper name))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sātyaki

sātyaki - Satyaki (a famous Yādava warrior, also called Śaineya)

Patronymic (from Satyak).

Note: Object of paryavārayat.

पर्यवारयत् (paryavārayat) - surrounded (he surrounded, encompassed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of parivṛ

Causative of root vṛ (to cover, choose) with upasarga pari.

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛ (class 5)