महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-90, verse-8

यथोद्वृत्तं धारयते वेला वै सलिलार्णवम् ।
पाण्डुसैन्यं तथा संख्ये हार्दिक्यः समवारयत् ॥८॥

8. yathodvṛttaṁ dhārayate velā vai salilārṇavam ,
pāṇḍusainyaṁ tathā saṁkhye hārdikyaḥ samavārayat.

8. yathā udvṛttam dhārayate velā vai salilārṇavam
pāṇḍusainyam tathā saṅkhye hārdikyaḥ samavārayat

8. yathā velā udvṛttam salilārṇavam dhārayate,
tathā hārdikyaḥ saṅkhye pāṇḍusainyam samavārayat

8. Just as the shore holds back the overflowing waters of the ocean, so too did Hārdikya restrain the Pāṇḍava army in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• यथा (yathā) - just as, as, like

• उद्वृत्तम् (udvṛttam) - overflowing (waters) (overflowing, swollen, violent, excessive)

• धारयते (dhārayate) - holds back (holds, sustains, maintains, bears)

• वेला (velā) - shore (of the ocean) (shore, coast, boundary, time)

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely, certainly (particle of emphasis)

• सलिलार्णवम् (salilārṇavam) - the ocean waters (ocean, sea (literally, water-ocean))

• पाण्डुसैन्यम् (pāṇḍusainyam) - the army of the Pāṇḍavas (Pāṇḍava army)

• तथा (tathā) - so too (so, thus, likewise, in that manner)

• सङ्ख्ये (saṅkhye) - in battle (in battle, in conflict, in war)

• हार्दिक्यः (hārdikyaḥ) - Hārdikya (Kṛtavarman) (Hārdikya (a proper name, Kṛtavarman))

• समवारयत् (samavārayat) - he restrained (he held back, he restrained, he checked)

Words meanings and morphology

यथा (yathā) - just as, as, like

(indeclinable)

उद्वृत्तम् (udvṛttam) - overflowing (waters) (overflowing, swollen, violent, excessive)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of udvṛtta

udvṛtta - overflowing, swollen, violent, excessive

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root vṛt with upasarga ud

Prefix: ud

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'salilārṇavam'

धारयते (dhārayate) - holds back (holds, sustains, maintains, bears)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of dhārayate

Causative Present Indicative

Derived from root dhṛ, 10th class causative, Atmanepada

Root: dhṛ (class 10)

वेला (velā) - shore (of the ocean) (shore, coast, boundary, time)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of velā

velā - shore, coast, boundary, limit, time

वै (vai) - indeed, surely, certainly (particle of emphasis)

(indeclinable)

सलिलार्णवम् (salilārṇavam) - the ocean waters (ocean, sea (literally, water-ocean))

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of salilārṇava

salilārṇava - ocean, sea

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (salila+arṇava)

• salila – water
  noun (neuter)
• arṇava – ocean, sea
  noun (masculine)

Note: The compound refers to the ocean, specifically its waters.

पाण्डुसैन्यम् (pāṇḍusainyam) - the army of the Pāṇḍavas (Pāṇḍava army)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pāṇḍusainya

pāṇḍusainya - Pāṇḍava army

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāṇḍu+sainya)

• pāṇḍu – Pāṇḍu (name of a king)
  proper noun (masculine)
• sainya – army, host
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to the army belonging to or led by the Pāṇḍavas.

तथा (tathā) - so too (so, thus, likewise, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects to `yathā` earlier in the verse.

सङ्ख्ये (saṅkhye) - in battle (in battle, in conflict, in war)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṅkhya

saṅkhya - battle, combat, conflict

हार्दिक्यः (hārdikyaḥ) - Hārdikya (Kṛtavarman) (Hārdikya (a proper name, Kṛtavarman))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hārdikya

hārdikya - descendant of Hṛdika; Kṛtavarman

A patronymic from Hṛdika

Note: Subject of the verb `samavārayat`.

समवारयत् (samavārayat) - he restrained (he held back, he restrained, he checked)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of samavārayat

Imperfect Indicative

Derived from root vṛ (to cover, enclose) with upasargas sam and ava, causative form in past tense.

Prefixes: sam+ava

Root: vṛ (class 1)