महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-90, verse-4

आत्मापराधात्सुमहान्प्राप्तस्ते विपुलः क्षयः ।
न हि ते सुकृतं किंचिदादौ मध्ये च भारत ।
दृश्यते पृष्ठतश्चैव त्वन्मूलो हि पराजयः ॥४॥

4. ātmāparādhātsumahānprāptaste vipulaḥ kṣayaḥ ,
na hi te sukṛtaṁ kiṁcidādau madhye ca bhārata ,
dṛśyate pṛṣṭhataścaiva tvanmūlo hi parājayaḥ.

4. ātma-aparādhāt su-mahān prāptaḥ te
vipulaḥ kṣayaḥ na hi te sukṛtam kiñcit
ādau madhye ca bhārata dṛśyate
pṛṣṭhataḥ ca eva tvat-mūlaḥ hi parājayaḥ

4. bhārata te ātma-aparādhāt su-mahān
vipulaḥ kṣayaḥ prāptaḥ hi te ādau
madhye pṛṣṭhataḥ ca eva kiñcit sukṛtam
na dṛśyate hi parājayaḥ tvat-mūlaḥ

4. O descendant of Bharata, a very great and extensive ruin has befallen you due to your own offense (aparādhāt). Indeed, no good deed of yours is seen at all in the beginning, in the middle, or even at the end, for this defeat (parājaya) is entirely rooted in you.

Words meanings summery:

• आत्म-अपराधात् (ātma-aparādhāt) - due to self-offense, due to one's own fault

• सु-महान् (su-mahān) - very great, mighty, extensive

• प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - obtained, acquired, reached, befallen

• ते (te) - to you, by you, your

• विपुलः (vipulaḥ) - extensive, vast, abundant

• क्षयः (kṣayaḥ) - destruction, ruin, loss

• न (na) - not, no

• हि (hi) - Used to emphasize the statement, 'indeed'. (indeed, surely, for)

• ते (te) - your

• सुकृतम् (sukṛtam) - good deed, merit, virtue

• किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - Here implies 'at all', reinforcing the negation 'na'. (anything, something, a little)

• आदौ (ādau) - in the beginning, at first

• मध्ये (madhye) - in the middle, amidst

• च (ca) - and, also

• भारत (bhārata) - Addressing Dhritarashtra, reminding him of his royal lineage. (O descendant of Bharata)

• दृश्यते (dṛśyate) - is seen, appears

• पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - Refers to the final stage or outcome of events. (from behind, at the back, at the end)

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - Emphasizes 'pṛṣṭhataḥ', meaning 'even at the very end'. (indeed, only, even)

• त्वत्-मूलः (tvat-mūlaḥ) - rooted in you, having you as the root

• हि (hi) - Used to emphasize the statement, 'indeed'. (indeed, surely, for)

• पराजयः (parājayaḥ) - defeat, conquest, loss

Words meanings and morphology

आत्म-अपराधात् (ātma-aparādhāt) - due to self-offense, due to one's own fault

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of ātma-aparādha

ātma-aparādha - self-offense, self-fault

Compound type : tatpurusha (ātman+aparādha)

• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)
• aparādha – offense, fault, transgression
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from verb root 'rādh' with prefix 'apa'.
  Prefix: apa
  Root: rādh (class 4)

सु-महान् (su-mahān) - very great, mighty, extensive

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of su-mahat

su-mahat - very great, excellent, mighty

Compound formed with 'su' (good, well) and 'mahat' (great).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+mahat)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective

Note: Refers to kṣayaḥ.

प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - obtained, acquired, reached, befallen

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāpta

prāpta - obtained, reached, gained, happened

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'āp' with prefix 'pra'.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Agrees with kṣayaḥ.

ते (te) - to you, by you, your

(pronoun)

singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Here used as dative 'to you' or genitive 'your'.

विपुलः (vipulaḥ) - extensive, vast, abundant

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vipula

vipula - extensive, large, vast, abundant

Note: Agrees with kṣayaḥ.

क्षयः (kṣayaḥ) - destruction, ruin, loss

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣaya

kṣaya - destruction, ruin, decline, loss

Derived from root 'kṣi'.

Root: kṣi (class 1)

Note: Subject of the first clause.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

हि (hi) - Used to emphasize the statement, 'indeed'. (indeed, surely, for)

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - your

(pronoun)

singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Here used as genitive 'your'.

सुकृतम् (sukṛtam) - good deed, merit, virtue

(noun)

neuter, singular of sukṛta

sukṛta - well-done, good deed, merit

Compound of 'su' (good) and 'kṛta' (done).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+kṛta)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'kṛ'.
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Subject of dṛśyate.

किञ्चित् (kiñcit) - Here implies 'at all', reinforcing the negation 'na'. (anything, something, a little)

(pronoun)

neuter, singular of kiñcit

kiñcit - anything, something, a little

Note: Agrees with sukṛtam.

आदौ (ādau) - in the beginning, at first

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ādi

ādi - beginning, commencement

Note: Refers to time.

मध्ये (madhye) - in the middle, amidst

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of madhya

madhya - middle, center

Note: Refers to time.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'ādau' and 'madhye', and implicitly 'pṛṣṭhataḥ'.

भारत (bhārata) - Addressing Dhritarashtra, reminding him of his royal lineage. (O descendant of Bharata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata, India

दृश्यते (dṛśyate) - is seen, appears

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of dṛś

Present Passive

Derived from root 'dṛś', passive form in present tense.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: The subject is 'sukṛtam'.

पृष्ठतः (pṛṣṭhataḥ) - Refers to the final stage or outcome of events. (from behind, at the back, at the end)

(indeclinable)

Formed with suffix '-tas' indicating 'from' or 'at' from 'pṛṣṭha' (back).

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - Emphasizes 'pṛṣṭhataḥ', meaning 'even at the very end'. (indeed, only, even)

(indeclinable)

त्वत्-मूलः (tvat-mūlaḥ) - rooted in you, having you as the root

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tvat-mūla

tvat-mūla - rooted in you, originating from you

Compound formed from 'tvat' (from you) and 'mūla' (root).

Compound type : tatpurusha (tvat+mūla)

• tvat – from you, by you
  pronoun
• mūla – root, origin, foundation
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with parājayaḥ.

हि (hi) - Used to emphasize the statement, 'indeed'. (indeed, surely, for)

(indeclinable)

पराजयः (parājayaḥ) - defeat, conquest, loss

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parājaya

parājaya - defeat, conquest, loss, discomfiture

Derived from root 'ji' with prefix 'parā'.

Prefix: parā

Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Subject of the third clause.