महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-90, verse-17

भीमसेनं तथा दृष्ट्वा धर्मराजपुरोगमाः ।
विसृजन्तः शरान्घोरान्कृतवर्माणमार्दयन् ॥१७॥

17. bhīmasenaṁ tathā dṛṣṭvā dharmarājapurogamāḥ ,
visṛjantaḥ śarānghorānkṛtavarmāṇamārdayan.

17. bhīmasenam tathā dṛṣṭvā dharmarājapurogamāḥ
visṛjantaḥ śarān ghorān kṛtavarmāṇam ārdayan

17. tathā bhīmasenam dṛṣṭvā dharmarājapurogamāḥ
ghorān śarān visṛjantaḥ kṛtavarmāṇam ārdayan

17. Seeing Bhīmasena in that state, those led by Dharmarāja (Yudhiṣṭhira) tormented Kṛtavarmā by releasing terrible arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• भीमसेनम् (bhīmasenam) - Bhīmasena (Bhīmasena (accusative))

• तथा (tathā) - in that state (of distress/wounding) (thus, in that manner, so)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - after seeing (having seen)

• धर्मराजपुरोगमाः (dharmarājapurogamāḥ) - those led by Yudhiṣṭhira (those who have Dharmarāja as their leader)

• विसृजन्तः (visṛjantaḥ) - (while) releasing (releasing, discharging, throwing)

• शरान् (śarān) - arrows (arrows (accusative plural))

• घोरान् (ghorān) - terrible (arrows) (terrible, dreadful, fierce)

• कृतवर्माणम् (kṛtavarmāṇam) - Kṛtavarmā (Kṛtavarmā (accusative))

• आर्दयन् (ārdayan) - they afflicted (with arrows) (they tormented, they afflicted)

Words meanings and morphology

भीमसेनम् (bhīmasenam) - Bhīmasena (Bhīmasena (accusative))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Bhīmasena (one of the Pāṇḍavas)

तथा (tathā) - in that state (of distress/wounding) (thus, in that manner, so)

(indeclinable)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - after seeing (having seen)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Indeclinable participle formed with suffix -tvā.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

धर्मराजपुरोगमाः (dharmarājapurogamāḥ) - those led by Yudhiṣṭhira (those who have Dharmarāja as their leader)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dharmarājapurogama

dharmarājapurogama - having Dharmarāja as leader, led by Dharmarāja

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dharmarāja+puras+gama)

• dharmarāja – king of dharma (natural law), Yudhiṣṭhira
  proper noun (masculine)
• puras – before, in front, first
  indeclinable
• gama – going, leading, moving
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root 'gam' (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Refers to the Pāṇḍava warriors, with Yudhiṣṭhira as their leader.

विसृजन्तः (visṛjantaḥ) - (while) releasing (releasing, discharging, throwing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of visṛjat

visṛjat - releasing, discharging, abandoning

Present Active Participle

Derived from root 'sṛj' (to create, to let go) with prefix 'vi'.

Prefix: vi

Root: sṛj (class 6)

Note: Describes the Pāṇḍavas.

शरान् (śarān) - arrows (arrows (accusative plural))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

घोरान् (ghorān) - terrible (arrows) (terrible, dreadful, fierce)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ghora

ghora - terrible, dreadful, fierce, awful

Note: Describes the arrows (śarān).

कृतवर्माणम् (kṛtavarmāṇam) - Kṛtavarmā (Kṛtavarmā (accusative))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṛtavarmā

kṛtavarmā - Kṛtavarmā (a warrior, ally of the Kauravas)

Note: The target of the Pāṇḍavas' attack.

आर्दयन् (ārdayan) - they afflicted (with arrows) (they tormented, they afflicted)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of ard

Imperfect Active

Imperfect tense, 3rd person plural, P. (Parasmaipada). Causal form from root 'ṛdh'.

Root: ard (class 10)

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