महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-90, verse-18

तं तथा कोष्ठकीकृत्य रथवंशेन मारिष ।
विव्यधुः सायकैर्हृष्टा रक्षार्थं मारुतेर्मृधे ॥१८॥

18. taṁ tathā koṣṭhakīkṛtya rathavaṁśena māriṣa ,
vivyadhuḥ sāyakairhṛṣṭā rakṣārthaṁ mārutermṛdhe.

18. tam tathā koṣṭhakīkṛtya rathavaṃśena māriṣa
vivyādhuḥ sāyakāiḥ hṛṣṭāḥ rakṣārtham māruteḥ mṛdhe

18. māriṣa,
tam tathā rathavaṃśena koṣṭhakīkṛtya,
hṛṣṭāḥ (te) māruteḥ rakṣārtham mṛdhe sāyakāiḥ vivyādhuḥ

18. Oh venerable one, after thus surrounding him with a multitude of chariots, they, joyful, pierced him with arrows in the battle to protect Māruti (Bhīmasena).

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (Kṛtavarmā) (him, that (accusative singular))

• तथा (tathā) - in that manner (of besieging) (thus, in that manner)

• कोष्ठकीकृत्य (koṣṭhakīkṛtya) - having surrounded (him) as if in a fortress (having made into a fortress, having encircled, having enclosed)

• रथवंशेन (rathavaṁśena) - by a formation of chariots (by a multitude of chariots, by a line of chariots)

• मारिष (māriṣa) - O venerable one (a term of address) (O venerable one, O respected one)

• विव्याधुः (vivyādhuḥ) - they pierced (Kṛtavarmā) (they pierced, they wounded)

• सायकाइः (sāyakāiḥ) - with arrows (by arrows, with arrows)

• हृष्टाः (hṛṣṭāḥ) - (they were) joyful (at seeing Kṛtavarmā surrounded) (joyful, delighted, thrilled)

• रक्षार्थम् (rakṣārtham) - for the protection (of Bhīmasena) (for the purpose of protection, for protection)

• मारुतेः (māruteḥ) - of Māruti (Bhīmasena) (of Māruti, of the son of Marut (Bhīmasena))

• मृधे (mṛdhe) - in the battle (in battle, in combat)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (Kṛtavarmā) (him, that (accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Kṛtavarmā.

तथा (tathā) - in that manner (of besieging) (thus, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

कोष्ठकीकृत्य (koṣṭhakīkṛtya) - having surrounded (him) as if in a fortress (having made into a fortress, having encircled, having enclosed)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Compound verb 'kṛ' with 'koṣṭhakī' (derived from 'koṣṭhaka' - a room, an enclosure). Formed with suffix -tya.

Compound type : compound verb (koṣṭhakī+kṛ)

• koṣṭhakī – enclosure, cell, room (as part of a compound for 'making into')
  noun (feminine)
  Derived from koṣṭhaka.
• kṛ – to do, to make
  verb
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

रथवंशेन (rathavaṁśena) - by a formation of chariots (by a multitude of chariots, by a line of chariots)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rathavaṃśa

rathavaṁśa - multitude of chariots, line of chariots, chariot array

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+vaṃśa)

• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• vaṃśa – bamboo, lineage, multitude, series
  noun (masculine)

मारिष (māriṣa) - O venerable one (a term of address) (O venerable one, O respected one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of māriṣa

māriṣa - venerable one, respectable person (vocative)

Note: Term of address, typically used by a narrator to a listener.

विव्याधुः (vivyādhuḥ) - they pierced (Kṛtavarmā) (they pierced, they wounded)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of vyadh

Perfect Active

Perfect tense, 3rd person plural, P. (Parasmaipada).

Root: vyadh (class 4)

सायकाइः (sāyakāiḥ) - with arrows (by arrows, with arrows)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sāyaka

sāyaka - arrow

हृष्टाः (hṛṣṭāḥ) - (they were) joyful (at seeing Kṛtavarmā surrounded) (joyful, delighted, thrilled)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hṛṣṭa

hṛṣṭa - glad, joyful, delighted

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'hṛṣ' (to be glad).

Root: hṛṣ (class 4)

Note: Describes the Pāṇḍavas.

रक्षार्थम् (rakṣārtham) - for the protection (of Bhīmasena) (for the purpose of protection, for protection)

(indeclinable)

Compound 'rakṣā' (protection) + 'artha' (purpose, for the sake of). The suffix -artham implies a dative sense.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rakṣā+artha)

• rakṣā – protection, guarding
  noun (feminine)
• artha – purpose, meaning, object
  noun (masculine)

मारुतेः (māruteḥ) - of Māruti (Bhīmasena) (of Māruti, of the son of Marut (Bhīmasena))

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of māruti

māruti - son of Marut (wind god); Bhīmasena, Hanumān

Patronymic from Marut.

Note: Refers to Bhīmasena.

मृधे (mṛdhe) - in the battle (in battle, in combat)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of mṛdh

mṛdh - battle, combat, conflict