महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-90, verse-50

ते द्राव्यमाणाः समरे हार्दिक्येन महारथाः ।
विमुखाः समपद्यन्त शरवृष्टिभिरर्दिताः ॥५०॥

50. te drāvyamāṇāḥ samare hārdikyena mahārathāḥ ,
vimukhāḥ samapadyanta śaravṛṣṭibhirarditāḥ.

50. te drāvyamāṇāḥ samare hārdikyena mahārathāḥ
vimukhāḥ samapadyanta śaravṛṣṭibhiḥ arditāḥ

50. samare hārdikyena drāvyamāṇāḥ śaravṛṣṭibhiḥ
arditāḥ te mahārathāḥ vimukhāḥ samapadyanta

50. Those great warriors, pursued relentlessly in battle by Hārdikya and tormented by his volleys of arrows, found themselves in retreat.

Words meanings summery:

• ते (te) - the Pāṇḍava great warriors (they, those)

• द्राव्यमाणाः (drāvyamāṇāḥ) - being pursued relentlessly (being driven, being pursued, being put to flight)

• समरे (samare) - in battle (in battle, in war)

• हार्दिक्येन (hārdikyena) - by Hārdikya (Kṛtavarman) (by Hārdikya, by Kṛtavarman)

• महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great warriors (referring to the Pāṇḍavas and their allies) (great warriors, warriors of great chariots)

• विमुखाः (vimukhāḥ) - in retreat, turning their faces away (turning away, averted, retreating, dejected)

• समपद्यन्त (samapadyanta) - they found themselves (in retreat) (they became, they turned out, they resulted in)

• शरवृष्टिभिः (śaravṛṣṭibhiḥ) - by his volleys of arrows (by showers of arrows, by volleys of arrows)

• अर्दिताः (arditāḥ) - tormented (tormented, afflicted, distressed, wounded)

Words meanings and morphology

ते (te) - the Pāṇḍava great warriors (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

द्राव्यमाणाः (drāvyamāṇāḥ) - being pursued relentlessly (being driven, being pursued, being put to flight)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of drāvyamāṇa

drāvyamāṇa - being driven, being pursued, being put to flight

Present Passive Participle (Causative)

Derived from root drā (to run) via causative drāv- with suffix -māna

Root: drā (class 1)

Note: participle functioning as adjective

समरे (samare) - in battle (in battle, in war)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, conflict

हार्दिक्येन (hārdikyena) - by Hārdikya (Kṛtavarman) (by Hārdikya, by Kṛtavarman)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of hārdikya

hārdikya - son of Hṛdika, Kṛtavarman

Patronymic from Hṛdika

महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great warriors (referring to the Pāṇḍavas and their allies) (great warriors, warriors of great chariots)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - great warrior, warrior who can fight thousands of enemies simultaneously

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective (feminine)
• ratha – chariot, warrior (often one fighting from a chariot)
  noun (masculine)

विमुखाः (vimukhāḥ) - in retreat, turning their faces away (turning away, averted, retreating, dejected)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vimukha

vimukha - having the face turned away, averted, hostile, retreating

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+mukha)

• vi – away, apart, without
  indeclinable
• mukha – face, mouth, front
  noun (neuter)

समपद्यन्त (samapadyanta) - they found themselves (in retreat) (they became, they turned out, they resulted in)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of sam-pad

Imperfect 3rd Plural Middle

Root pad with prefix sam

Prefix: sam

Root: pad (class 4)

शरवृष्टिभिः (śaravṛṣṭibhiḥ) - by his volleys of arrows (by showers of arrows, by volleys of arrows)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of śaravṛṣṭi

śaravṛṣṭi - shower of arrows, volley of arrows

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+vṛṣṭi)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• vṛṣṭi – rain, shower
  noun (feminine)
  Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

अर्दिताः (arditāḥ) - tormented (tormented, afflicted, distressed, wounded)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ardita

ardita - tormented, afflicted, distressed, wounded

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root ard (to pain, hurt)

Root: ard (class 1)

Note: participle functioning as adjective