महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-61, verse-49

किं नु दुर्योधनः कृत्यं कर्णः कृत्यं किमब्रवीत् ।
दुःशासनः सौबलश्च तेषामेवं गते अपि ।
सर्वेषां समवेतानां पुत्राणां मम संजय ॥४९॥

49. kiṁ nu duryodhanaḥ kṛtyaṁ karṇaḥ kṛtyaṁ kimabravīt ,
duḥśāsanaḥ saubalaśca teṣāmevaṁ gate api ,
sarveṣāṁ samavetānāṁ putrāṇāṁ mama saṁjaya.

49. kim nu Duryodhanaḥ kṛtyam Karṇaḥ
kṛtyam kim abravīt Duḥśāsanaḥ Saubalaḥ
ca teṣām evam gate api sarveṣām
samavetānām putrāṇām mama Sañjaya

49. Sañjaya mama sarveṣām samavetānām
putrāṇām teṣām Duḥśāsanaḥ Saubalaḥ
ca evam gate api Duryodhanaḥ
kim kṛtyam Karṇaḥ kim kṛtyam abravīt

49. O Sañjaya, what was the task [or action] Duryodhana undertook? What did Karṇa say should be done? What about Duḥśāsana and the son of Subala (Śakuni)? Tell me what transpired with all my assembled sons, even after things have come to this pass.

Words meanings summery:

• किम् (kim) - what?, why?, whether

• नु (nu) - indeed, now, then, surely

• दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana

• कृत्यम् (kṛtyam) - to be done, duty, action, what is proper

• कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karṇa

• कृत्यम् (kṛtyam) - to be done, duty, action, what is proper

• किम् (kim) - what?, why?, whether

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said, he spoke

• दुःशासनः (duḥśāsanaḥ) - Duḥśāsana

• सौबलः (saubalaḥ) - Śakuni, the brother of Gāndhārī (son of Subala, Śakuni)

• च (ca) - and

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of those (sons) (of them)

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this way

• गते (gate) - with things having come to such a state (having gone, happened, reached, being in (this state))

• अपि (api) - even, also, though

• सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all

• समवेतानाम् (samavetānām) - of those assembled

• पुत्राणाम् (putrāṇām) - of sons

• मम (mama) - my, of me

• सञ्जय (sañjaya) - O Sañjaya (vocative)

Words meanings and morphology

किम् (kim) - what?, why?, whether

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, why

Note: Functions as an interrogative adjective for 'kṛtyam'.

नु (nu) - indeed, now, then, surely

(indeclinable)

दुर्योधनः (duryodhanaḥ) - Duryodhana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of Duryodhana

Duryodhana - Duryodhana (name of the eldest son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

कृत्यम् (kṛtyam) - to be done, duty, action, what is proper

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛtya

kṛtya - to be done, proper action, duty

Gerundive

Derived from root 'kṛ' (to do) with the suffix '-tya'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karṇa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of Karṇa

Karṇa - Karṇa (name of a great warrior, son of Sūrya and Kuntī)

कृत्यम् (kṛtyam) - to be done, duty, action, what is proper

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛtya

kṛtya - to be done, proper action, duty

Gerundive

Derived from root 'kṛ' (to do) with the suffix '-tya'.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

किम् (kim) - what?, why?, whether

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, why

Note: Functions as an interrogative adjective for 'kṛtyam'.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

दुःशासनः (duḥśāsanaḥ) - Duḥśāsana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of Duḥśāsana

Duḥśāsana - Duḥśāsana (name of the second son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

सौबलः (saubalaḥ) - Śakuni, the brother of Gāndhārī (son of Subala, Śakuni)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of Saubala

Saubala - son of Subala

Patronymic from Subala (Śakuni's father).

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of those (sons) (of them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this way

(indeclinable)

गते (gate) - with things having come to such a state (having gone, happened, reached, being in (this state))

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of gata

gata - gone, arrived, passed, happened

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'gam' (to go) with suffix '-ta'.

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction.

अपि (api) - even, also, though

(indeclinable)

सर्वेषाम् (sarveṣām) - of all

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

समवेतानाम् (samavetānām) - of those assembled

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of samaveta

samaveta - assembled, collected, met

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'i' (to go) with prefixes 'sam' and 'ava'.

Prefixes: sam+ava

Root: i (class 2)

पुत्राणाम् (putrāṇām) - of sons

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son, child

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

सञ्जय (sañjaya) - O Sañjaya (vocative)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of Sañjaya

Sañjaya - Sañjaya (name of Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer and narrator)