महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-61, verse-37

इत्यहं विलपन्सूत बहुशः पुत्रमुक्तवान् ।
न च मे श्रुतवान्मूढो मन्ये कालस्य पर्ययम् ॥३७॥

37. ityahaṁ vilapansūta bahuśaḥ putramuktavān ,
na ca me śrutavānmūḍho manye kālasya paryayam.

37. iti aham vilapan sūta bahuśaḥ putram uktavān na
ca me śrutavān mūḍhaḥ manye kālasya paryayam

37. sūta iti aham vilapan bahuśaḥ putram uktavān ca
mūḍhaḥ me na śrutavān manye kālasya paryayam

37. Thus, lamenting, O Sūta, I spoke to my son many times. But that foolish one did not listen to me; I believe it was the inevitable turn of time.

Words meanings summery:

• इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, so

• अहम् (aham) - I

• विलपन् (vilapan) - lamenting, weeping

• सूत (sūta) - Addressing Sanjaya, Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer and narrator. (O charioteer, O Sūta)

• बहुशः (bahuśaḥ) - many times, frequently

• पुत्रम् (putram) - Referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra's son, Duryodhana. (to the son)

• उक्तवान् (uktavān) - spoke, said

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and, also

• मे (me) - Referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra's words, implying 'my words'. (by me, to me)

• श्रुतवान् (śrutavān) - Refers to the son (Duryodhana) who did not listen. (listened, heard)

• मूढः (mūḍhaḥ) - Refers to Duryodhana, Dhṛtarāṣṭra's foolish son. (foolish one, deluded one)

• मन्ये (manye) - I think, I believe

• कालस्य (kālasya) - of time

• पर्ययम् (paryayam) - Referring to the inevitable course or end of time, leading to the war. (the turning point, the end, the revolution, the sway)

Words meanings and morphology

इति (iti) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

विलपन् (vilapan) - lamenting, weeping

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vilapat

vilapat - lamenting, weeping, crying

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root 'lap' with the prefix 'vi', meaning 'to lament' or 'to wail'.

Prefix: vi

Root: lap (class 1)

Note: Used adjectivally to describe the speaker.

सूत (sūta) - Addressing Sanjaya, Dhṛtarāṣṭra's charioteer and narrator. (O charioteer, O Sūta)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of sūta

sūta - charioteer, bard, son of a kṣatriya by a brāhmaṇī, one who drives horses

बहुशः (bahuśaḥ) - many times, frequently

(indeclinable)

Formed with suffix -śaḥ indicating 'many times' or 'in many ways'.

पुत्रम् (putram) - Referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra's son, Duryodhana. (to the son)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child, offspring

उक्तवान् (uktavān) - spoke, said

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of uktavat

uktavat - having spoken, having said, having told

Perfect Active Participle

Derived from the root 'vac' (to speak) and the suffix -tavat (for perfect active participle).

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Refers to the speaker (aham).

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

मे (me) - Referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra's words, implying 'my words'. (by me, to me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

Note: Can be genitive or dative. Here, it implies 'my words were not heard'.

श्रुतवान् (śrutavān) - Refers to the son (Duryodhana) who did not listen. (listened, heard)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrutavat

śrutavat - having heard, having listened

Perfect Active Participle

Derived from the root 'śru' (to hear) and the suffix -tavat (for perfect active participle).

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Refers to 'mūḍhaḥ putraḥ'.

मूढः (mūḍhaḥ) - Refers to Duryodhana, Dhṛtarāṣṭra's foolish son. (foolish one, deluded one)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mūḍha

mūḍha - foolish, deluded, bewildered, stupid, ignorant

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'muh' (to be deluded, confused).

Root: muh (class 4)

Note: Used here as a noun, 'the foolish one'.

मन्ये (manye) - I think, I believe

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of man

Root 'man' in the present tense, ātmanepada, 1st person singular.

Root: man (class 4)

कालस्य (kālasya) - of time

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, season, fate, death

पर्ययम् (paryayam) - Referring to the inevitable course or end of time, leading to the war. (the turning point, the end, the revolution, the sway)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of paryaya

paryaya - revolution, course, turn, change, vicissitude, end, succession

From 'pari' (around) and 'i' (to go) with suffix -a, meaning 'going around'.

Prefix: pari

Root: i (class 2)