महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-61, verse-1

धृतराष्ट्र उवाच ।
श्वोभूते किमकार्षुस्ते दुःखशोकसमन्विताः ।
अभिमन्यौ हते तत्र के वायुध्यन्त मामकाः ॥१॥

1. dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca ,
śvobhūte kimakārṣuste duḥkhaśokasamanvitāḥ ,
abhimanyau hate tatra ke vāyudhyanta māmakāḥ.

1. dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ uvāca | śvobhūte kim akārṣuḥ te duḥkhaśokasammanvitāḥ
| abhimanyau hate tatra ke viyudhyanta māmakāḥ

1. dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ uvāca abhimanyau tatra hate śvobhūte
duḥkhaśokasammanvitāḥ te kim akārṣuḥ ke māmakāḥ viyudhyanta

1. Dhritarashtra said: "On the following day, after Abhimanyu was killed there, what did they, overcome with sorrow and grief, do? And who among my warriors fought against them?"

Words meanings summery:

• धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhritarashtra (proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• श्वोभूते (śvobhūte) - on the next day, on the following day

• किम् (kim) - what, why

• अकार्षुः (akārṣuḥ) - they did, they made

• ते (te) - The Pandavas (they)

• दुःखशोकसम्मन्विताः (duḥkhaśokasammanvitāḥ) - accompanied by sorrow and grief, filled with sorrow and grief

• अभिमन्यौ (abhimanyau) - in Abhimanyu, concerning Abhimanyu

• हते (hate) - having been killed, slain

• तत्र (tatra) - in the battle (there, in that place)

• के (ke) - who, which (plural)

• वियुध्यन्त (viyudhyanta) - they fought, they battled against

• मामकाः (māmakāḥ) - Dhritarashtra's sons and warriors (Kauravas) (my people, mine)

Words meanings and morphology

धृतराष्ट्रः (dhṛtarāṣṭraḥ) - Dhritarashtra (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛtarāṣṭra

dhṛtarāṣṭra - Dhritarashtra (he who holds the kingdom)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dhṛta+rāṣṭra)

• dhṛta – held, supported
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from root dhṛ
  Root: dhṛ (class 3)
• rāṣṭra – kingdom, country
  noun (neuter)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect active indicative

3rd person singular, Perfect tense

Root: vac (class 2)

श्वोभूते (śvobhūte) - on the next day, on the following day

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of śvobhūta

śvobhūta - next day, morrow

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śvas+bhūta)

• śvas – tomorrow
  indeclinable
• bhūta – become, past, existing
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from root bhū
  Root: bhū (class 1)

किम् (kim) - what, why

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, why

Note: Also functions as an interrogative adverb.

अकार्षुः (akārṣuḥ) - they did, they made

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, aorist (luṅ) of kṛ

Aorist active indicative

3rd person plural, Aorist tense

Root: kṛ (class 8)

ते (te) - The Pandavas (they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the Pandavas.

दुःखशोकसम्मन्विताः (duḥkhaśokasammanvitāḥ) - accompanied by sorrow and grief, filled with sorrow and grief

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of duḥkhaśokasammanvita

duḥkhaśokasammanvita - accompanied by sorrow and grief

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (duḥkha+śoka+sammanvita)

• duḥkha – sorrow, pain, suffering
  noun (neuter)
• śoka – grief, lamentation
  noun (masculine)
• sammanvita – accompanied, endowed with, possessed of
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from root man with sam-
  Prefix: sam
  Root: man (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'te' (they, the Pandavas).

अभिमन्यौ (abhimanyau) - in Abhimanyu, concerning Abhimanyu

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of abhimanyu

abhimanyu - Abhimanyu (proper name, Arjuna's son)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction with 'hate'.

हते (hate) - having been killed, slain

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of hata

hata - killed, struck, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

from root han

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Used in a locative absolute construction with 'Abhimanyau'.

तत्र (tatra) - in the battle (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

के (ke) - who, which (plural)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Interrogative pronoun.

वियुध्यन्त (viyudhyanta) - they fought, they battled against

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, imperfect (laṅ) of vi-yudh

Imperfect middle indicative

3rd person plural, Imperfect tense (middle voice)

Prefix: vi

Root: yudh (class 4)

मामकाः (māmakāḥ) - Dhritarashtra's sons and warriors (Kauravas) (my people, mine)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of māmaka

māmaka - mine, my own, related to me

From mama (my) + ka suffix.

Note: Refers to Dhritarashtra's warriors.