महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-7, chapter-61, verse-12

ब्राह्मणाः क्षत्रिया वैश्या यं शिष्याः पर्युपासते ।
द्रोणपुत्रं महेष्वासं पुत्राणां मे परायणम् ॥१२॥

12. brāhmaṇāḥ kṣatriyā vaiśyā yaṁ śiṣyāḥ paryupāsate ,
droṇaputraṁ maheṣvāsaṁ putrāṇāṁ me parāyaṇam.

12. brāhmaṇāḥ kṣatriyāḥ vaiśyāḥ yam śiṣyāḥ paryupāsate
droṇaputram maheṣvāsam putrāṇām me parāyaṇam

12. yam brāhmaṇāḥ kṣatriyāḥ vaiśyāḥ śiṣyāḥ paryupāsate
droṇaputram maheṣvāsam me putrāṇām parāyaṇam

12. He whom Brahmins, Kshatriyas, and Vaishyas, along with their disciples, attend upon—that son of Droṇa, the great archer, who is the ultimate refuge (parāyaṇa) for my sons.

Words meanings summery:

• ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - Brahmins

• क्षत्रियाः (kṣatriyāḥ) - Kshatriyas

• वैश्याः (vaiśyāḥ) - Vaishyas

• यम् (yam) - whom (referring to Ashvatthama) (whom)

• शिष्याः (śiṣyāḥ) - disciples, students

• पर्युपासते (paryupāsate) - they attend upon, they serve, they revere

• द्रोणपुत्रम् (droṇaputram) - the son of Droṇa (referring to Ashvatthama) (the son of Droṇa)

• महेष्वासम् (maheṣvāsam) - the great archer (referring to Ashvatthama) (the great archer)

• पुत्राणाम् (putrāṇām) - of my (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's) sons (of sons)

• मे (me) - my (referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (my, of me)

• परायणम् (parāyaṇam) - refuge, ultimate support, chief resort, final goal

Words meanings and morphology

ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - Brahmins

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - Brahmin (member of the priestly class), priestly, divine

क्षत्रियाः (kṣatriyāḥ) - Kshatriyas

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṣatriya

kṣatriya - Kshatriya (member of the warrior or ruling class), warrior

वैश्याः (vaiśyāḥ) - Vaishyas

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vaiśya

vaiśya - Vaishya (member of the merchant, farmer, or artisan class), commoner

यम् (yam) - whom (referring to Ashvatthama) (whom)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what (relative pronoun)

शिष्याः (śiṣyāḥ) - disciples, students

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śiṣya

śiṣya - disciple, student, pupil

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

Derived from √śās (to teach, instruct) with the suffix -ya.

Root: śās (class 2)

पर्युपासते (paryupāsate) - they attend upon, they serve, they revere

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, Present Indicative (laṭ) of ās

From √ās (to sit) with prefixes pari- and upa-.

Prefixes: pari+upa

Root: ās (class 2)

द्रोणपुत्रम् (droṇaputram) - the son of Droṇa (referring to Ashvatthama) (the son of Droṇa)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of droṇaputra

droṇaputra - son of Droṇa (Ashvatthama)

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (Droṇa+putra)

• Droṇa – Name of a teacher, preceptor of the Kauravas and Pandavas
  proper noun (masculine)
• putra – son, child, offspring
  noun (masculine)

महेष्वासम् (maheṣvāsam) - the great archer (referring to Ashvatthama) (the great archer)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of maheṣvāsa

maheṣvāsa - great archer, one with a great bow

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (mahat+iṣvāsa)

• mahat – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• iṣvāsa – bow (lit. arrow-thrower)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'droṇaputram'.

पुत्राणाम् (putrāṇām) - of my (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's) sons (of sons)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son, child, offspring

Root: sū (class 4)

मे (me) - my (referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (my, of me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me, my (first person pronoun)

परायणम् (parāyaṇam) - refuge, ultimate support, chief resort, final goal

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of parāyaṇa

parāyaṇa - ultimate refuge, chief resort, final goal, principal aim, supreme path

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (para+ayana)

• para – supreme, highest, ultimate, other, distant
  adjective (masculine)
• ayana – going, path, course, way, resort, support
  noun (neuter)
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'droṇaputram'.